# Tblproject

protitle:
Establishment of electric field thermopower modulation and Hall measurement set up.

proarea:
field thermopower modulation, HEMT, 2DEG, Transparent conducting oxide

prointro:
In the early 18th century, Seebeck observed that when two dissimilar materials are joined together and
the junctions are held at different temperatures, a voltage difference (ΔV) develops that is proportional to the temperature gradient (ΔT). This proportionality constant known as Seebeck coefficient, S (≡Thermopower). The thermopower is the most important physical property for thermoelectric energy conversion. Besides it is also a useful to understand electronic structures of materials since |S| strongly depends on the energy derivative of the electronic density of states at around the Fermi energy [(∂DOS (E))⁄∂E]_(E=E_F ). In case of bulk system, the slope of log n vs. S relation should be –ln 10∙kB∙e−1 (≡ −198 μV K−1) since parabolic shaped E−k relation at around the conduction band minimum (CBM) is generally observed. Basically, this technique measures thermopower in the TFT (Thin Film Transistor) structure by applying the gate voltage. This gate voltage induces the charge carriers to the channel material. As a result, the position of Fermi level varies according to applied gate voltage. Therefore, this technique known as electric field thermopower modulation. Hall measurement set up When current passed through a sample which is perpendicular to the applied magnetic field. Due to the magnetic field, charge carriers experience the Lorentz force and buildup at one edge or the other edge and consequently developed potential difference across the sample. This potential difference is  perpendicular to both the current and magnetic field . This potential difference is called the Hall voltage.

proobj:
• Develop the electric field thermopower modulation set up
• Develop the Hall measurement set up
• Fabrication of TFT
• Once the setup is successfully installed I would like to know 2DEG property of the compound BaSnO3 and SrSnO3. Why: La-doped BaSnO3 (BLSO, perovskite structure, Pm-3m, a=4.115 Å) is one of the most promising candidates for that because of its large bandgap (Eg 3.1 eV) and high electron mobility (300 cm2V−1s−1)of the single crystal. And The bandgap of SrSnO3 is ≈4.1 eV and the La-doped SrSnO3 films also show high carrier mobility (40 55cm2V−1s−1).
• Probability of 2DEG in BaSnO3
• Method to fabrication of HEMT structure: The HEMT structure of the 2DEGs at the heterointerface of
ABO3/BaSnO3 (or SrSnO3, La-doped SrSnO3) will be prtformed. For the gate insulator amorphous
insulating oxides such as C12A7 or the ABO3 film will be utilized. The source, drain, and gate
electrodes will be deposited by the sputtering method. The transistor characteristics will be measured by the dual-channel SMU. Further, the field modulated thermopower will be measured during the gate voltage applications.

prometho:
Develop the field modulated thermopower setup

Dual channel source meter unit
Two Peltier devices,
Two super fined thermocouples,
Lakeshore temperature controller (will be purchase from PDEU seed grant)
One probe station with 4 probes and 1 platform
Precision LCR meter
Develop the Hall measurement setup
Single channel source meter unit (purchased from PDEU seed grant)
1.6 T Variable electromagnet with water cooled chiller

Fabrication of TFT
RF magnetron sputtering (Available at PDEU)
Pulsed Laser Deposition (Available at IITB)
Substrates
Stencil for a mask for making the electrode (need to fabricate as per customize design from outside)
Preparation
Raw materials required such as substrates glass, MgO, SrTiO3, SiO2, and Powder
SnO2, BaCO3, La2O3 and SrCO3 and other equipments like box furnace, uniaxial pressing machine required.

Once the setup is successfully installed I would like to know 2DEG property of the compound BaSnO3 and SrSnO3.

Probability of 2DEG in BaSnO3: effective thickness teff=n2D/n3D.
About 1 nm for BaSnO3 and for SrSnO3 it is higher 30 nm (See section 2 fig) [4]
but 2DEG is also possible if we prepared very slightly La doped SrSnO3
transistor. It is possible to prepare high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs)
based on BaSnO3 and SrSnO3.

This setup is measures various kind of transport properties. Hence it is powerful
the technique to extract the information related to basic as well as applied physics.
Probably this would be the first set up in India to measure electric field modulated thermopower.

Method to fabrication of HEMT structure:
The HEMT structure of the 2DEGs at the heterointerface of ABO3/BaSnO3 (or
SrSnO3, La-doped SrSnO3) will be performed. For the gate insulator, amorphous
insulating oxides such as C12A7 or the ABO3 film will be utilized. The source,
drain, and gate electrodes will be deposited by the sputtering method. The
transistor characteristics will be measured by the dual channel SMU. Further, the
field modulated thermopower will be measured during the gate voltage
applications. (see fig.) [4]

prosummary:
We can measure following physical properties by this set up. 1. Thermopower, resistivity and
Hall mobility of thin film 2. Transfer and output characteristics of TFT 3. Electric field modulated thermopower of TFT, by this measurement we can able to determine the effective mass, the shape of DOS (density of states) at CBM, effective thickness, the possibility of confining the high-density 2DEG. Further we can develop the HEMT structure (High Electron Mobility Transistor) and measure by this setup.

proEoutcome:
Expected results and impacts In this research, each part contributes unique
expected results, Installation of Field modulated thermopower and Hall
measurement. BaSnO3 based High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) and
the confirmation of the 2DEG formation which have many applications in
transparent electronics. Consequently, this research will impart good
publications with the study of TOSs not only for the electronics but also as energy
applications.

If we succeed to achieve our present scientific goal (ultra-high mobility). It will
become a huge revolution in the transparent electronics industry and also will
benefiting society and of course, it will explore the fundamental physical
phenomena as well as applications in a broad range of field.


proarea:
field thermopower modulation, HEMT, 2DEG

prointro:
Electric field thermopower modulation set up
In the early 18th century, Seebeck observed that when two dissimilar materials
are joined together and the junctions are held at different temperatures, a voltage
difference (Δ𝑉) develops that is proportional to the temperature gradient (Δ𝑇).
This proportionality constant known as Seebeck coefficient, S (≡Thermopower).
The thermopower is the most important physical property for thermoelectric
energy conversion.
Besides it is also a useful to understand electronic structures of materials since
|S| strongly depends on the energy derivative of the electronic density of states at
around the Fermi energy [𝜕𝐷𝑂𝑆(𝐸)⁄𝜕𝐸]𝐸=𝐸𝐹. In case of bulk system, the slope of
log n vs. S relation should be –ln 10∙kB∙e−1 (≡ −198 μV K−1) since parabolic shaped
E−k relation at around the conduction band minimum (CBM) is generally
observed.
Basically, this technique measures thermopower in the TFT (Thin Film
Transistor) structure by applying the gate voltage. This gate voltage induces the
charge carriers to the channel material. As a result, the position of Fermi level
varies according to applied gate voltage. Therefore, this technique known as
electric field thermopower modulation

proobj:
• Develop the Hall measurement set up
• Fabrication of TFT
• Once the setup is successfully installed I would like to know 2DEG property of the compound BaSnO3
and SrSnO3. Why: La-doped BaSnO3 (BLSO, perovskite structure, Pm-3m, a=4.115 Å) is one of the
most promising candidates for that because of its large bandgap (Eg 3.1 eV) and high electron mobility
(300 cm2V−1s−1)of the single crystal. And The bandgap of SrSnO3 is ≈4.1 eV and the La-doped
SrSnO3 films also show high carrier mobility (40–55cm2V−1s−1).
• Probability of 2DEG in BaSnO3
• Method to fabrication of HEMT structure: The HEMT structure of the 2DEGs at the heterointerface of
ABO3/BaSnO3 (or SrSnO3, La-doped SrSnO3) will be prtformed. For the gate insulator amorphous
insulating oxides such as C12A7 or the ABO3 film will be utilized. The source, drain, and gate
electrodes will be deposited by the sputtering method. The transistor characteristics will be measured
by the dual-channel SMU. Further, the field modulated thermopower will be measured during the gate
voltage applications.

prometho:
Develop the field modulated thermopower setup
Dual channel source meter unit
Two Peltier devices,
Two super fined thermocouples,
Lakeshore temperature controller (will be purchase from PDEU seed grant)
One probe station with 4 probes and 1 platform
Precision LCR meter
Develop the Hall measurement setup
Single channel source meter unit (purchased from PDEU seed grant)
1.6 T Variable electromagnet with water cooled chiller
Fabrication of TFT
RF magnetron sputtering (Available at PDEU)
Pulsed Laser Deposition (Available at IITB)
Substrates
Stencil for a mask for making the electrode (need to fabricate as per customize
design from outside)
Preparation
Raw materials required such as substrates glass, MgO, SrTiO3, SiO2, and Powder
SnO2, BaCO3, La2O3 and SrCO3 and other equipments like box furnace, uniaxial
pressing machine required.
Once the setup is successfully installed I would like to know 2DEG property of the
compound BaSnO3 and SrSnO3.

Probability of 2DEG in BaSnO3: effective thickness teff=n2D/n3D.
About 1 nm for BaSnO3 and for SrSnO3 it is higher 30 nm (See section 2 fig) [4]
but 2DEG is also possible if we prepared very slightly La doped SrSnO3
transistor. It is possible to prepare high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs)
based on BaSnO3 and SrSnO3.
This set up is measures various kind of transport properties. Hence it is powerful
technique to extract the information related to basic as well as applied physics.
Probably this would be the first set up in India to measure electric field
modulated thermopower.
Method to fabrication of HEMT structure:
The HEMT structure of the 2DEGs at the heterointerface of ABO3/BaSnO3 (or
SrSnO3, La-doped SrSnO3) will be prtformed. For the gate insulator amorphous
insulating oxides such as C12A7 or the ABO3 film will be utilized. The source,
drain, and gate electrodes will be deposited by the sputtering method. The
transistor characteristics will be measured by the dual channel SMU. Further, the
field modulated thermopower will be measured during the gate voltage
applications. (see fig.)

prosummary:
We can measure following physical properties by this set up.
1. Thermopower, resistivity and Hall mobility of thin film
2. Transfer and output characteristics of TFT
3. Electric field modulated thermopower of TFT, by this measurement we can
able to determine effective mass, shape of DOS (density of states) at CBM,
effective thickness, possibility of confining the high density 2DEG. Further we
can develop the HEMT structure (High Electron Mobility Transistor) and
measure by this set up.

proEoutcome:
Expected results and impacts In this research, each part contributes unique
expected results, Installation of Field modulated thermopower and Hall
measurement. BaSnO3 based High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) and
the confirmation of the 2DEG formation which have many applications in
transparent electronics. Consequently, this research will impart good
publications with the study of TOSs not only for the electronics but also as energy
applications.
If we succeed to achieve our present scientific goal (ultra-high mobility). It will
become a huge revolution in the transparent electronics industry and also will
benefiting society and of course, it will explore the fundamental physical
phenomena as well as applications in a broad range of field.


protitle:
Thermoregulation behaviour inspired metaheuristic algorithm for the optimization of real life applications: Development and analysis

prometho:
The proposed project is focused on the development of metaheuristic algorithm where individual equation is responsible for exploration and exploitation during optimization. To develop such optimization algorithm, it is necessary to identify and simulate the natural process which continuously changing its behaviour according to requirement. One such natural process is thermoregulation behaviour of human body. Thermoregulation behaviour is responsible for maintaining the constant temperature of human body. An average body temperature of human being is varies between 36.5–37.5 °C. Above this temperature a human body is subjected to a Hyperpyrexia (Very high fever) and below the mention temperature range a human body is subjected to Hypothermia (low body temperature). Prolong period of above condition results in human fatal. Fig. 1 shows the thermoregulation behaviour of human body. When the body temperature falls below the normal value, the blood vessel constrict so that the body heat is conserved which help in regaining the normal body temperature. Likewise, when body temperature rises above the normal value, the blood vessel dilates so that the body heat lost to environment which helps in regaining the normal body temperature.

prosummary:
The objective of the proposed project work is to develop exploration and exploitation search mechanism by simulating both the phenomenon of regaining the normal body temperature. The process of thermoregulation to conserved the heat is best example of exploitation (as the blood vessel constrict, the blood flow movement is slow). Similarly, process of thermoregulation to reject the body heat is best example of exploration (as the blood vessel dilates, the blood flow movement is increases).

proEoutcome:
A new metaheuristic algorithms for real life optimization problem


protitle:
Energy Efficient Cluster Based Mathematical Approach for the COVID-19 Vaccination

prointro:
With the exponential growth of the spread of corona virus (COVID-19) worldwide, the need of technology is required to only predict the disease but also forecast its broad impact over the time. The series of COVID-19 is as follows as per the records from the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering (JHUCSSE),

proobj:
(i) the first case of COVID-19 person to be hospitalized in Wuhan on 16-Dec-2019. (ii) Cluster of pneumonia of unknown etiology reported on 31-Dec-2019. (iii) Huanan Seafood Market shutdown on 01-Jan-2020.

prometho:
(iv) Corona virus is isolated and named 2019-nCov. (iv) 2019-nCov gnome released on 12-Jan-2020 (v) First reported case of human-to-human in Guangdong on 20-Jan-2020 (vi) Shutdown of public transportation in Wuhan on 23-Jan-2020 (vii) Shutdown of private transportation in Wuhan on 26-Jan-2020

prosummary:
(viii) World Health Organization (WHO) named the 2019-nCoov as COVID-19. In addition to this, the timeline of spread of COVIS-19 in India is in Fig 1.

proEoutcome:
(iv) Corona virus is isolated and named 2019-nCov. (iv) 2019-nCov gnome released on 12-Jan-2020 (v) First reported case of human-to-human in Guangdong on 20-Jan-2020 (vi) Shutdown of public transportation in Wuhan on 23-Jan-2020 (vii) Shutdown of private transportation in Wuhan on 26-Jan-2020


protitle:
Towards the calculation of stress concentration around a complex cut-out in unsymmetrical laminated composite plate

prointro:
The primary aim of the present work is to formulate and evaluate the stress concentration around complex shaped hole in unsymmetrical laminated composite plate using complex variable method. Efforts have also been made to develop the database for complex mapping constants required to develop specific shapes. The normalized tangential stresses will be calculated considering various loading such as biaxial, uniaxial‒ x, uniaxial‒y  and shear. The influence of stacking sequence, fiber angle, cut-out geometries, cut-out corner radius, moduli and loading conditions is also addressed.

proobj:
1. To present the close form solution to obtain the stress and moment around various complex shaped cut-out considering in-plane and bending loading using complex variable method.
2. Investigation of stress and moments around a hole in unsymmetrical composite plates.
3. To study the effects of stacking sequence, ply groups, loading angles, and corner radii on stresses and stresses and moments.
4. To provide the database for mapping constants used in Schwarz-Christoffel mapping.

prometho:
The Muskhelishvili’s complex variables approach is used to obtain stresses and moments around
hole in symmetric laminates. The generalized form of mapping function and the arbitrary biaxial loading conditions are introduced into the boundary conditions. The complex potentials for plate with a traction free hole due to remotely applied loading are determined by superposition two stress functions determined for the hole free plate subjected to loading at inﬁnity and for the plate with hole in absence of remote loading.

proEoutcome:
•	General solutions for determining the in-plane stresses and moments around complex cut-outs in unsymmetric laminate with layers of arbitrary ﬁber orientation will be presented. 
•	The data base of mapping terms will be created and communicated globally so that any researcher can use for stress concentration problems. 
•	The present study will also be helpful to design who wish to understand the effects of loadings, ﬁber orientation, hole geometry, materials, stacking sequence, etc. on stress resultant and moment around the hole in anisotropic plates.


protitle:
Novel MoS2-Polyaniline (PANI) based nanocomposites as an effective sensing tool for the diagnosis of brain disorders and pathological conditions.

prointro:
According to the global burden of neurological disorders: estimates and projection, it is proposed that neurological disorders comprise the most of total disability adjusted life years (DALY) among selected diseases and neurological disorders leading to 12 % of the total death across the globe. [2]  
These neurological disorders are caused due to the imbalance in the level of neurotransmitters. The diagnosis of the situation at the onset of disease is very important to receive an effective treatment. Various methods are used for detecting the fluctuation in the neurotransmitters concentrations but suffer from limitations of cost, time and limits of detection.  Effort are being made to develop highly effective electrochemically active sensors with high sensitivity and improved response. The conventional techniques either expensive, tiresome and time consuming. Use of nanomaterials as electrode material has been explored a lot in past. Nanomaterials based electrodes play an important role as biosensor application due the increased surface area and functionalization, resulting in better interaction at the electrode interface, improved diffusion length and increased conductivity [13]. 
Due to large surface area and high surface energy the nanomaterials tend to agglomerate. The agglomeration limits the interaction of nanoparticles and effect the sensing ability of the material. Dispersing the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix can provide a viable solution the problem of agglomeration nanoparticles in pure phase.  It is expected that the augmented effect of MoS2, an excellent electro-catalyst and polyaniline with high electrochemical characteristics will result in multifold improvement in the sensitivity of the composite and hence making the detection at very low levels possible. This will help in the early diagnosis of the disease at the onset with improved chances of treatment.

proobj:
i.	To synthesize and characterize MoS2 nanoparticles and MoS2-based nanocomposites by solvothermal approach
ii.	To explore the synthesized hetero-nanostructures for application as sensors for the detection of neurotransmitter molecules (Dopamine and acetylcholine, serotonin)
iii.	To explore the efficacy and viability of the sensor real blood samples will tested for dopamine and acetylcholine, serotonin.

prometho:
In the present proposal we aim to prepare MoS2, PANI and MoS2-PANI nanocomposites by wet chemical approach. The project will be carried out under three heads
1)	Synthesis of MoS2 nanostructures, PANI and MoS2-PANI nanocomposites
2)	Characterization of the synthesized nanocomposites for their structural, phase, purity, stability and morphological analysis.
3)	Studies on electrochemical characteristics and sensing properties on nanocomposites for dopamine, acetylcholine and serotonin.

prosummary:
According to the global burden of neurological disorders, it is proposed that neurological disorders comprise the most of total disability adjusted life years (DALY) among selected diseases and neurological disorders leading to 12 % of the total death across the globe. These neurological disorders are caused due to the imbalance in the level of neurotransmitters. The diagnosis of the situation at the onset of disease is very important to receive an effective treatment. The proposal aims at developing an effective sensor for detecting even the slight fluctuation in the neurotransmitters concentrations. We propose to develop MoS2-PANI based nanocomposites as a low-cost, rapid and highly effective electrochemically active sensors with high sensitivity and improved response. It is expected that the augmented effect of MoS2, an excellent electro-catalyst and PANI with high electrochemical characteristics will result in multi-fold improvement in the sensitivity.

proEoutcome:
Single component system suffers from certain limitations, combining two components with diverse properties (MoS2 and Polymer) helps not only to complement each other, but show improved characteristics. The proposed MoS2-PANI nanocomposites is expected to exhibit enhanced electrochemical characteristics and performance. It is expected that the augmented effect of MoS2, an excellent electro-catalyst and polyaniline with high electrochemical characteristics will result in multifold improvement in the sensitivity of the composite and hence making the detection at very low levels. This will help in the early diagnosis of the disease at the onset with improved chances of treatment.

FAScheme:
Department of Biotechnology, Call for Proposal in Neuroscience for Developing Neurological Tools, Techniques & Protocols for Brain Disorders & Pathological Conditions


protitle:
DEVELOPMENT OF EFFICIENT AGRICULTURE WASTE METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK COMPOSITE (AW-MOFC) FOR SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF CATIONIC AND ANIONIC HEAVY METALS FROM CONTAMINATED/INDUSTRIAL WATER

prointro:
Water pollution is a severe problem throughout the world; particularly the situation is vulnerable for the developing nation like India. A recent report by NITI Ayog claims that by 2030 India will suffer from shortage of drinking water due to huge pollutant contamination with water . The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and World Health Organization (WHO) limit their concentration in the drinking water [ ].The release of waste water contains heavy metal ions from industries like tanneries, ceramic, metallurgical, coal power plants, printing process, electronics manufacturing, automobile batteries, pigments, glass etc that contaminate with the freshwater, and poses severe threat to the living organism

proobj:
	Developing agriculture waste (rice husk/corn stalks) with tunable structures, sizes, morphologies (tunable aspect ratio), surface chemistry (variation of functional groups). 
	Self-assembly of agriculture waste (rice husk/corn stalks) composite based on the direct interactions between MOF and agriculture waste and identifying the nature of interaction (employing van der Waals, H-bonding, electrostatic interactions and or covalently bonding).

prometho:
1) Synthesis of composite between cheap easily available agriculture waste (rice husk/ corn stalks) with the metal organic framework followed by separation study
2) Modulation of the cavity/pore size of the composite through proper judiciary selection of organic ligand
3) Nanoparticle based composite of rice straw and metal organic nano composite

prosummary:
The main constituents of the rice straw are glycosyl, cellulose, lignin, hemicelluloses and organic matter [ ].Generally the processed agriculture waste (rice husk/corn stalks) is micro pore in nature. Based on recent literature [ ,  ] the collecting agriculture waste (from farmer) will be chopped (200 mm) and subjected to the further processing (steam exploded for rice straw and corn stalks with crosslinked agent). The hydroxyl group will we anchored to the back bone of the processed compound which will help to the binding of the metal ion followed by growing of the metal organic network with the help of external organic ligand. The inner hydroxyl group cannot form a MOF due to space limit whereas the outer surface hydroxyl group can acts as anchor to hold and help to grow a MOF (Scheme 2). As a result the intercalated pore will be generated within the composite highly decorated with hydroxyl group for the facile adsorption of the heavy toxic metal ions from water. However the functionalization of the hydroxyl group of the agriculture waste (rice husk/corn stalks) afforded new composite synthesis in order to bring efficacy towards the adsorption of heavy toxic metal ions from water.

proEoutcome:
The proposed research targets a new, unexplored family of new composite nanomaterials - based on easily processed microporous steam exploded rice straw with MOF and the composite will be utilized as filtrating materials for the separation of cationic and anionic heavy metal ions from contaminated/industrial water. In view of tunability, robustness, advantageous of adsorption properties, facile fabrication, and low cost of each individual components the materials based on them may lead to new paradigms in the area of functional materials. Thus, we proposed to develop a novel class of unprecedented porous composite materials that can be easily fabricated, which will be utilized to create tunable composite porous materials that span a wide range of pore sizes. We also target mechanically and chemically robust materials with properties superior or complementary to those of conventional polymers or composite. Apart from this, introduction of a new type of porous materials will be important for advancing membrane science, storage, and catalysis. Recyclable and tuneable porous materials based on small molecules will be versatile, cost-effective and environmentally friendly, replacing or complementing conventional systems.


protitle:
Spatio-temporal variations of sea ice and its environs over the polar regions using Oceansat-3 data.

proarea:
Cryosphere, polar regions, Oceansat-3 satellite.

prointro:
Over the past decades it is very well noted and observed that the tremendous warming up of Earth’s 
atmosphere has caused shrinking up of cryosphere to a large extent. Sea ice cover over polar oceans is 
a critical parameter for understanding and forecasting oceanic circulation and earth climate changes. 
Sea ice acts as a thin insulator between the atmosphere and the ocean in the Polar Regions. In the 
presence of sea ice, only 30-50% of the incoming solar radiation gets absorbed. However, in its 
absence, ocean absorbs a whopping 85-95% of the solar radiation (Washington and Parkinson, 1986; 
Riggs et al., 1999). Although life on Earth is truly dependent on the cryosphere and ocean, only few 
attempts have been made to study the cause behind the declining trend of sea ice. Hence, the project 
revolves around the motivation to study the differences in SST (sea surface temperature), SIST (sea 
ice surface temperature), IST (ice surface temperature) and air temperature, so as to understand sea ice 
growth/ decay and melt/refreeze onset. Ocean and atmosphere being coupled system and both of them 
being linked to cryosphere, we shall check for variations in some parameters of one or both of the 
formers leading to significant changes in the latter.

proobj:
Feasibility analysis of SIST variations for understanding sea ice growth and decay processes along with sea ice melt/ refreeze onset.
Investigation of AOD impact on sea ice conditions

prometho:
Multi-year sea ice
First-year and multiyear ice have different electromagnetic properties that satellite sensors can detect, 
allowing to distinguish the two. Multiyear ice is more common in the Arctic than in the Antarctic. 
This is because ocean currents and atmospheric circulation move sea ice around Antarctica, causing 
most of the ice to melt in the summer as it moves into warmer waters, or as the upper ocean heats up 
due to absorption of solar heat by open water areas. Most of the multiyear ice that does occur in the 
Antarctic persists because of a circulating current in the Weddell Sea, on the eastern side of the 
Antarctic Peninsula.
The physical properties of Arctic sea ice evolve with each increasing year, resulting in differences in 
porosity, salinity and roughness between first-year and multiyear sea ice. Such physical differences 
produce a difference in the microwave signatures from first-year and multiyear sea ice and enable 
classification of sea ice types in the Arctic using microwave sensors. Large changes to multiyear ice 
coverage over the Arctic within recent decades also motivate the continued monitoring of the 4
composition and extent of Arctic sea ice. Within the past decades, coverage of multiyear ice has 
declined and Arctic ice has become younger and thinner on an average. As multiyear ice tends to be 
thicker than first-year ice, it is suggested that the total sea ice volume has decreased. Ice type 
classifications can contribute to studies of Arctic ice volume, having application in altimetry-based ice 
thickness modelling.
The role of SIST in the climate change: Arctic and Antarctic
In Arctic, for several decades, surface air temperatures have warmed at approximately twice the 
global rate (McBean et al., 2005). The average warming north of 60°N has been 1-2°C since a 
temperature minimum in the 1960s and 1970s. In the marine Arctic, the 20th-century temperature 
record is marked by strong low-frequency (multi-decadal) variations (Polyakov et al., 2002). The 
most recent (1980 to present) warming of much of the Arctic is strongest (about 1°C/decade) in winter 
and spring, and lowest in autumn. The warming is strongest over the interior portions of northern Asia 
and north-western North America (McBean et al., 2005). However, it is noted that the Antarctic 
Peninsula, have been the most rapidly warming area of the globe over the past several decades 
(Turner et al., 2007). Whereas, north Atlantic sub-polar seas show little warming during the same time 
period, probably because of their intimate connection with the cold, deep waters. Temperatures in the 
upper troposphere and stratosphere of the Arctic have cooled in recent decades, consistent with 
increases in greenhouse gases and with decreases in stratospheric ozone since 1979 (Weatherhead et 
al., 2005).
Whereas, in Antarctica direct measurements reveal considerable spatial variability in temperature 
trends. The Antarctic Peninsula shows strong and significant warming over the last 50 years. 
However, there is no evidence of a continentwide ‘polar amplification’ in Antarctica. Additionally, 
sea-ice duration in the Ross Sea has increased, while in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen Seas it has 
decreased, with high statistical significance in each case (Parkinson, 2002; Zwally et al., 2002).
The relationship between SIC and AOD:
It is known that polar regions are relatively free from local sources of anthropogenic climate drivers, 
but are still experiencing rapid changes due to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations, which are 
distributed globally. These changes are amplified by feedbacks in the system, such as temperature 
feedbacks and the ice albedo feedback (Pithan and Mauritsen, 2014). The temperature in the Arctic is 
experiencing increases that are twice the global rate, resulting in reductions in summer sea-ice 
(Hartmann et al., 2013; Screen and Simmonds, 2010). 
Whereas, in the Antarctic, summer sea-ice is increasing, while several interior regions are rapidly 
losing ice mass (Rignot et al., 2008). The role of aerosols in the ongoing polar climate changes is not 
well understood and hence can be studied deeply for further understanding. Yang et al. (2014) 
emphasize the importance of including aerosols in models when simulating the recent changes in the 5
Arctic climate. For instance, the measured decrease in anthropogenic sulfate concentrations in the 
Arctic over the last decades (Hirdman et al., 2010; Quinn et al., 2009) may have had a warming effect 
on the Arctic (Navarro et al., 2016). Shindell and Faluvegi (2009) showed that decreasing sulfate and 
increasing BBC (black carbon concentration) over the last three decades have substantially warmed 
the Arctic. Satellite-derived AOD is dominated by biogenic aerosol during summer and autumn. The 
spring sea ice melt period is a strong source of aerosol precursors in the Arctic. However, high aerosol 
levels in early spring are likely related to advection of continental pollution from the south (Arctic 
haze). Higher AOD is usually found in the southern part of the region. SIC and AOD are positively 
correlated, while cloud cover (CLD) and AOD have a negative correlation. However, there is a strong 
positive correlation between AOD and SIC.

prosummary:
1.	To derive sea ice parameters such as sea ice extent, sea ice concentration, sea ice thickness, sea ice types from Scatsat1 and study the spatial-temporal variability, along with atmospheric parameters like wind, sea surface temperature and sea surface salinity.
2.	Investigation of multi-year sea ice type patterns in the Arctic and Antarctica.
3.	Feasibility analysis of SIST variations for understanding sea ice growth and decay processes along with sea ice melt/ refreeze onset.
4.	Investigation of AOD impact on sea ice conditions.
5.	Exploring OS-3 data for studying the Antarctic Polynyas and its dynamics.
6.	To derive a relationship between AOD and SIC over various seasons over both the poles.
7.	To forecast weather conditions using suitable atmospheric/coupled model.
8.	To find thermodynamic equilibrium thickness (TET) of sea-ice and study its properties.
9.	The association of SIST with salinity (brine), SIC and SIT.
10.	To study the influence of Dust Storms on the evolution of SIT.
11.	To find the parameters responsible for the dust storm in Greenland on Sept. 27 and 29, 2018.
12.	To find the science behind the early melt onset and high sea ice surface temperatures (SIST) during summer in various seas of Arctic Region.

proEoutcome:
1. Algorithm for sea ice type assessment and generating sea ice type images.
2. Sea ice surface temperature (SIST) images over the study area
3. Temporal analysis of SIST images and inferences from the analysis. 
4. AOD and sea ice relationship.
5. Scientific reports and publications


protitle:
Development of Biomarker Responsive Fluorescent BODIPY-based Sensors for Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders.

prointro:
Neurological disorders are posing a threat to the world owing to the difficulty in early diagnosis and effective therapeutic treatment. The commonly employed diagnostic methods like brain imaging or full body imaging are often complicated and expensive. Research on in vitro sensing of biomarkers indicative of neurological disorders is yet to be gaining momentum. ELISA, HPLC and MS are the majorly used technique for this purpose. Literature review in the field of rapid, sensitive and non-invasive fluorescence-based detection of validated neurological biomarkers showed a clear gap in research, while aptamer-based or enzyme-based fluorescence assay for cancer or diabetes is being studied by scientists around the globe. The proposed study aims to develop cost-effective and simple fluorescence-based sensors to detect less explored/virtually unexplored biomarkers of neurological disorders. This would not only create a knowledge pool in the given field but has the potential of being translated into mobile-based commercial diagnostic/visualization tool for early prediction of the disorders by patients or their family members themselves. The disorders, if detected early are likely to be better manageable, reducing the patients’ pain and overall socioeconomic burden.

proobj:
•	To select at least two unexplored/less explored but validated blood biomarker candidates of neurological diseases (amongst S100 B, Metalloproteinase 9, C-reactive protein, angiogenin, 4-hydroxy-2,3-noenal etc.) and finding out the possible binding/reactive sites in these biomarkers. Both protein/peptide based and small molecule metabolites will be taken into consideration in this regard.

•	Design rationally functionalized BODIPY based molecular sensors to achieve high selectivity and sensitivity toward the target neuro-biomarker through enzyme- or aptamer-free fluorescence-based assay. The proposed BODIPY derivative may be further modified based on the outcome of the first objective.

•	Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of the target biomarker detection capabilities of the BODIPY sensors.

prometho:
Work Plan:
This project aims to synthesize, characterize and study the sensing applications of the BODIPY-derivatives for fluorescence-based detection of blood biomarkers of neurological disorders. The project will be implemented in the following stages:
Stage 1: Synthesis and characterization of the proposed or structurally optimized BODIPY derivatives.
Stage 2: Study of the fluorescence properties of the synthesized BODIPY derivatives.
Stage 3: Explore the fluorescence-based recognition of the target neuro-biomarkers by the BODIPY derivatives.
Methodology:
1. Synthetic scheme is elaborately mentioned in the draft.
2. Characterization of the synthesized BODIPY derivatives: The BODIPY derivatives prepared in the first stage (representative synthetic scheme discussed in the previous section) will be characterized using spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The purity and structure will be determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and mass spectrometry (GCMS). The absorption and emission characteristics of the BODIPY derivatives will be studied by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy.
3. Fluorescence based sensing of the biomarkers: In the first stage, commercially available serum biomarkers of neurological disorders will be procured. Fluorescence measurement will be performed in appropriate buffer, preferably at 25°C. Fluorescence spectrum of a given BODIPY derivative will be scanned at appropriate concentration and fluorescence intensity will be recorded. Then the fluorescence titration experiment will be carried out by adding (and increasing the concentration of) the target biomarker to the BODIPY-sensor and monitoring the latter’s fluorescence intensity. Probable interference by other structurally similar biomolecules, biocompatible metal ions and H+ will also be checked by sequential addition in the BODIPY solution containing the target biomarker. Fig. 3 (in the draft) represents a general scheme of fluorescence-based sensing. Limit of Detection and detection range will be calculated by the fluorescence spectral analysis.

prosummary:
The rising cases of neurological disorders has posed a challenge to India and other countries. The diseases are not limited to people from a certain age group or socioeconomic strata. People of all ages from rural and urban setting are falling victim to impaired nervous system. Diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders is difficult owing to the protective nature of blood brain barrier and collection of relevant tissue/body fluids for disease pathology. Current diagnostic practices heavily rely on MRI, CT, PET imaging techniques; biomarker profiling of cerebrospinal fluid or blood sample by HPLC, MS, and testing of target biomarker through ELISA. While these techniques are sensitive and useful, the associated cost, complexity, safety issue, and need for expert handling make them inaccessible to many people, especially in the developing and under-developed countries. Therefore, it is important and urgent to develop simple, reliable, and cost-effective diagnostic tools for timely diagnosis of the disorders. Accordingly, the focus of the proposed work is to develop in vitro fluorescence-based sensors for rapid and reliable detection of blood biomarkers of neurological disorders. At the first stage of the research, literature in the relevant field will be reviewed to identify potential blood biomarkers (at least two) of neurological disorder. Stress will be given on selecting biomarkers that are less explored or unexplored by the proposed method. BODIPY scaffold has been chosen for its exceptional photophysical properties, and synthetic accessibility. Appropriate functional groups will be anchored as recognition moiety of the chosen target biomarkers. Synthesis and characterization will be done in the next stage. In the final stage of the research, the fluorescence based sensing capabilities of the as synthesized BODIPY derivatives will be tested with the selected, commercially available biomarkers. Depending on the merit of the lab-scale results, the synthesized sensors will be tested on real blood samples.

proEoutcome:
Successful completion of the proposed project will create the following outcome:
1. Creation of a knowledge base on BODIPY-sensor’s performance toward target biomarkers of neurological disorders.
2. Knowhow of the synthetic process involved in the sensor development which would be useful to the research community for synthesis of similar BODIPY-derivatives for other applications.
3. Depending on the scientific potential of the developed sensor, PI and her team will target publishing high impact research articles. At least 2 papers can be expected from the proposed work. 
4. The research outcome of the proposed work will be presented in national and international conferences for dissemination of acquired knowledge. Based on the commercial and technological merit of the proposed work, development of a point of care diagnostic tool and patent filing will be targeted during the grant period.

FAScheme:
Department of Biotechnology, Call for Proposal in Neuroscience


protitle:
Development of Aptamer-free Fluorescent BODIPY-based Sensors for Detection of Blood Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Disorders

prointro:
Neurological disorders are posing a threat to the world owing to the difficulty in early diagnosis and effective therapeutic treatment. The commonly employed diagnostic methods like brain imaging or full body imaging are often complicated and expensive. Research onin vitro sensing of biomarkers indicative of neurological disorders is yet to be gaining momentum. ELISA, HPLC and MS are the majorly used techniques for this purpose. Literature review in the field of rapid, sensitive and non-invasive fluorescence-based detection of validated neurological biomarkers showed a clear gap in research, while aptamer-based or enzyme-based fluorescence assay for cancer or diabetesis beingstudied by scientists around the globe. The proposed study aims to develop cost-effective and simple fluorescence-based sensors to detect less explored/virtually unexplored blood biomarkers of neurodegenerative disorders. This would not only create a knowledge pool in the given field but has the potential of being translated into mobile-based commercial diagnostic/visualization tool for early prediction of the disorders by patients or their family members themselves. The disorders, if detected early are likely to be better managed, reducing the patients’ pain and overall socioeconomic burden.

proobj:
1.	Objective 1:  Selecting blood biomarker candidates of neurodegenerative disorders to be studied by the proposed method
2.	Objective 2: Synthesize the proposed or structurally optimized BODIPY sensors for the chosen biomarkers
3.	Objective 3: Study the fluorescence-based detection of the chosen biomarkers by as synthesized BODIPY sensors

prometho:
Work Plan:
This project aims to synthesize, characterize and study the sensing applications of the BODIPY-derivatives for fluorescence-based detection of blood biomarkers of neurodegenerative disorders. The project will be implemented in the following stages:
Stage 1: Synthesis and characterization of the proposed or structurally optimized BODIPY derivatives.
Stage 2: Study of the fluorescence properties of the synthesized BODIPY derivatives.
Stage 3: Explore the fluorescence-based recognition of the target neuro-biomarkers by the BODIPY derivatives.
Methodology
1. Synthesis: The BODIPY based fluorescent sensors will be prepared by the by multistep process starting with the reaction of 1-Boc-piperazine with 1 equivalent of aldehydes, calcium carbides and a variety of aliphatic aldehydes using copper (I) chloride as catalysts and DMSO as solvent to form B. [42] The resulting product B via multistep process involving de-protection uses CF3COOH, reacting with DDQ in triethylamine and (C2H5)2O.BF3 and finally reacting with pyrrole and CF3COOH to form BODIPY containing fluorescent intermediate D. [43] The intermediate D undergoes CuAAC click by reacting with G, G’ or H to for E, F or F’ fluorescent molecules. The intermediates G, G’ and H will be synthesized by using polyethylene glycols as staring materials. [44] The polyethylene glycols will be treated with one or two equivalents of diphenyl phosphorazidates (DPPA) in the presence of DBU to form the azide [45]
 
Figure 4a. Synthesis scheme for –NH2, COOH and –OH containing triazole-BODIPY based fluorescent sensors of neuro-biomarkers.

 
Figure 4b. Synthesis scheme for the intermediates G, G’ and H containing –NH2, -OH, -COOH moieties 
2. Characterization of the synthesized BODIPY derivatives: The BODIPY derivatives prepared in the first stage (representative synthetic scheme discussed in the previous section) will be characterized using spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The purity and structure will be determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and mass spectrometry (GCMS). The absorption and emission characteristics of the BODIPY derivatives will be studied by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy.
3. Fluorescence-based sensing of the biomarkers: In the first stage, commercially available serum biomarkers of neurodegenerative disorders will be procured. Fluorescence measurement will be performed in appropriate buffer, preferably at 25°C. Fluorescence spectrum of a given BODIPY derivative will be scanned at appropriate concentration and fluorescence intensity will be recorded. Then the fluorescence titration experiment will be carried out by adding (and increasing the concentration of) the target biomarker to the BODIPY-sensor and monitoring the latter’s fluorescence intensity. Probable interference by other structurally similar biomolecules, biocompatible metal ions and H+ will also be checked by sequential addition in the BODIPY solution containing the target biomarker. The fluorescence titration will also be performed by adding a buffer solution containing target biomarker and excess of other potential competitive agents. Fig. 5 represents a general scheme of fluorescence-based sensing. Limit of detection (LOD) and detection range will be calculated by the fluorescence spectral analysis.
 
Figure 5. (a) BODIPY core; (b) Representative scheme of fluorescence-based sensing of target biomarker.
The fluorescence assay may be performed on real blood samples, if promising results are obtained in the previous study. Fig. 6 shows a representative scheme of qualitative, and quantitative detection of the target biomarker.
 

Figure 6. Representative scheme of qualitative, and quantitative sensing of the target biomarker.

prosummary:
The rising cases of brain disorders have posed a challenge to India. People of all ages from rural & urban area are suffering from impaired nervous system. Current diagnostic practices heavily rely on MRI, CT, PET imaging techniques; biomarker profiling of CSF or blood by HPLC, MS, ELISA etc. While these techniques are sensitive & useful, the associated cost, complexity, & safety issue make them inaccessible to many people, especially in a developing nation like India. It is important & urgent to develop simple, reliable, & cost-effective PoC tools for timely diagnosis. Accordingly, the proposed work is focused to develop in vitro fluorescence-based sensors for rapid & reliable detection of blood biomarkers of brain disorders. BODIPY scaffold is chosen for its exceptional photophysical properties, & synthetic accessibility. It will be functionalized with appropriate biomarker-recognition moieties. Based on the sensor’s performance, testing of real blood samples will be attempted.

proEoutcome:
Successful completion of the proposed project will create the following outcome:
1. Creation of a knowledge base on BODIPY-sensor’s performance toward target biomarkers of neurodegenerative disorders.
2. Knowhow of the synthetic process involved in the sensor development which would be useful to the research community for synthesis of similar BODIPY-derivatives for other applications.
3. Depending on the scientific potential of the developed sensor, PI and her team will target publishing high impact research articles. At least 2 papers can be expected from the proposed work.
4. The research outcome of the proposed work will be presented in national and international conferences for dissemination of acquired knowledge. Based on the commercial and technological merit of the proposed work, development of a point of care diagnostic tool and patent filing will be targeted during the grant period.


protitle:
Foundation design for extra-terrestrial dwellings

proarea:
Extra-terrestrial geotechnical engineering, Civil Engineering

prointro:
Expansionists and researchers are planning to set a foot on extra-terrestrial dwellings such as the Mars. Orbiters and Rovers are already successful in establishing the terrestrial, atmospheric and physical conditions on many planets. The feasibility of providing human dwellings and establishing space stations on Mars are vividly attempted in the recent times. Consequently, there appears a necessity for providing proper foundations for these extra-terrestrial infrastructure developments such as anchored space stations, human dwellings and isolated work chambers. Henceforth, the current proposal attempts to initially understand the terrestrial, physical and environmental differences between Earth and Mars. Secondly, the modifications to be adopted to the current foundation design practices is investigated by applying the astro-physical and gravitational variations on Mars. Once, the geotechnical implications are investigated, a modified bearing capacity calculation procedure to suit with the Martian soil (Regolith) will be developed. Finally, a feasible framework for the design of various foundations for infrastructure establishment on Regolith will be proposed.

proobj:
1. Estimate the soil behaviour, geotechnical parameters and bearing capacity of regolith. 
2. Understand various infrastructural necessities, their loads and the corresponding foundation requirements based on the geotechnical aspects of regolith.  
3.Calculate the modified foundation bearing capacity parameters and factors of safety. 
4.Propose design framework and construction protocols for foundations on Martian regolith.


proarea:
Heterogeneous catalysis, pharmaceutical chemistry, organic chemistry, materials chemistry

prointro:
Rampant industrialization has played pivotal role in generation of polluting materials threatening ecology, environment and biosphere reserves. Amongst various pollutants, nitroarmatics are key components of non-biodegradable organic dyes, insecticides having toxic and carcinogenic effect on human health. Furthermore, aromatic hydrocarbons are widespread contaminants of ground water. Therefore, these waste materials are generally degraded by advanced oxidation process to carbon dioxide and water. But, these organic waste materials instead of complete mineralization can be valorised to valuable pharmaceuticals. For example, nitroaromatics can be valorised to tertiary amine or N-Mannich bases. N-Mannich bases are important pharmacophores and used as anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, analgesics and RSK2 inhibitory. Ethylbenzene an important industrial waste can be used as building block for the synthesis of α-ketoamides. These α-ketoamides are significant pharmacophores can be used as broad spectrum antibiotics for COVID-19. Presently, COVID-19 is a global pandemic affecting billions of people. To deliver doses to such a big population would be a challenge. Therefore, we can use the industrial waste materials for the synthesis of valuable pharmacophors and boost the economy.
            To effectively catalyse the transformation of these industrial wastes into valuable products, cost-effective, readily available catalytic materials will be investigated. Earth abundant transition metals like Cu, Co, Zn, Ni, Zr etc. supported over 2D transition metal dichalcogenides can be used as the desirable candidates for the synthesis pharmacophors from industrial waste. These catalytic materials will be prepared by hydrothermal or reverse micelle microemusion technique form the metal dithiocarbamates based single source precursors.

proobj:
Objectives of the proposal: 
(a) Synthesis of transition metal dithiocarbamates and transition metal dichalcogenides and detained characterized by various physicochemical techniques like XRD, single crystal XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, XPS, BET surface area, etc.
(b) The resulting catalytic materials will be evaluated for the synthesis of valuable pharmacophores like N-Mannich bases or α-ketoamides from the industrial waste materials like nitoaromatic or alkyl benzenes.

prometho:
Research methodology
Transition metal based dichalcogenides (TMDCs) of cheap and earth abundant metals such as Co, Cu or Mo will be investigated for the synthesis of α-ketoamides and N-Mannich bases. These TMDCs can be used as the appealing alternatives to the noble metal NPs. These noble metal based nanocatalysts less available and expensive materials, requiring harsher reaction conditions and massive production of wastes. These TMDCs will be procured form a wide array of their metal dithiocarbamates based single source precursors by the hydrothermal techniques or reverse micelle microemulsion technique. These metal dithiocarbamtes are prepared by reacting secondary amines, carbon disulphides, and strong inorganic bases (KOH or NaOH), organic bases (tertalkylammonium hydroxides) and alkali metals. These metal dithiocarbamtes are efficient pharmaceutical compounds having anti-cancer properties.  The resulting dithiocarbamates will be used as the single source precursors for the synthesis of TMDCs.
The resulting TMDCs will be used as the efficient catalytic materials for the synthesis of N-Mannich bases and α-ketoamides from the industrial waste like nitrobenzene or alkyl benzenes. Nitrobenzenes are organic pollutants widely used in explosive materials, dyes, insecticides, having toxic and carcinogenic effect to the human health and environment. Therefore, removal of these toxic materials is highly desirable. Herein, we propose valorization of nitrobenzene reduction by methanol to valuable pharmaceuticals like N, N-diemthylbenzene.  Furthermore, the resulting N, N-dimethylaniline will be utilized for the synthesis of N-Mannich base derivatives. Several national and international research groups have shown keen interest in the synthesis of N-Mannich bases. Fu and co-workers have prepared N-Mannich bases by reacting N, N-dimethyl anilines with simple aliphatic amides catalysed by Cu(I) catalysts and TBHP as oxidant. Later on the same group have investigated a more facile pathway of amidation reactions involving copper/N-halosuccinamides under ambient conditions.  Nidhi Jain and co-workers have reported the synthesis of N-Mannich bases from N, N-dimethylaniline and amides using homogeneous copper based catalytic materials.  The catalytic materials used for the synthesis of the N-Mannich have been mostly homogeneous with poor recyclability. Therefore, herein we propose the synthesis of heterogeneous recyclable catalytic materials for the synthesis of N-Mannich bases from industrial waste materials like nitroaromtic compounds.
Applications of these waste materials can further explored for the synthesis of α-ketomaides form ethybenzene as industrial waste. These α-ketoamides can become valuable pharmacophores for the COVID 19 pandemic. Most of the reports in the literature for the synthesis of α-ketoamides reactions are based on the noble metals, but, these noble metals are either expensive or not readily available. Amongst transition metals, copper based catalytic systems have been used as versatile cost-effective and Earth abundant catalytic materials used for selective organic transformations. There are several reports on the homogeneous copper based catalytic materials for the synthesis of α-ketoamides, but the heterogeneous catalysts have been sparsely investigated. The α-ketoamides reaction has been mostly investigated using homogeneous catalysts, whereas the catalytic performance of heterogeneous catalysts for these reactions has been sparely investigated. Therefore, Earth-abundant copper based heterogeneous catalysts will be used for the synthesis of α-ketoamides from less economical industrial waste chemicals like ethyl benzene.

prosummary:
Research Plan:
The proposed plan is build on the multicomponent chemistry dealing with the synthesis of valuable pharmacophores from industrial waste materials using transition metal based dichalcogenides as catalytic materials. To achieve the desired significant pharmacophores within timeline following objectives have been set for the proposed research plan. Different work packages proposal has been designed in such a way to achieve the desired impact and are discussed below:
WP 1: Management (month 1-12): The investigators have a complementary range of skills which will be required to manage the project and the co-workers: PI has a strong track record in heterogeneous catalysis, organic chemistry, which will help design new metal dithocarbames, metal dichalcogenides for the synthesis of valuable pharmacophores. The expertise of the PI and Co-PI will also assist in the development of the new protocol for catalyst design. The PI and Co-PI will assist the research fellow in writing half yearly reports which will include details of all successful procedures and full characterization of all new compounds in a format suitable for publication in the leading catalysis and organic chemistry journals; experienced researcher will receive feedback from the principal investigator which will be fed into the preparation of future research reports. Also, the applicant will write a final report summarizing all of his research throughout the fellowship. 
Work plan: Work plan for the research project is discussed in the present section
1 – 4 months- Design and synthesis of various transition metal-dicarbamates based single source precursors and transition metal based dichalcogenides.
 4 – 8 months- Furthermore, these transition metal based dichalcogenides will be fully characterized by various physiochemical techniques like XRD, SEM, HRTEM, XPS, BET surface area.
 8- 12 months- Fully characterized catalytic materials will be used to evaluate the catalytic synthesis of valuable pharmacophores and α-ketoamides and N-Mannich bases.
Communication and dissemination (from month 1 to 12): Assessment of important data and their impact on the outcome of the project. Finally, these results will be communicated to high impact factor journals and will be presented at international conferences and workshops.
List of major deliverables: PI will assist in publishing researchers the most important research deliverables for publications in highly reputed conferences, reports, the website, workshops, specific impact or public engagement activities, etc.
List of major milestones; Major milestones obtained from the research work will be published in the peer review chemistry journals such as JACS, ACS catalysis, Applied catalysis B: Environmental, etc.

proEoutcome:
Expected outcome
Industrial waste materials like aromatic nitro-compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons can open tremendous opportunity in the pharmaceutical industry in the coming years because they can assist in cost-effective synthesis of valuable pharmacophores. These industrial waste materials are generally disposed off into the environment rendering the life of living organism venerable to these toxic waste materials. Therefore, elimination of these waste materials is highly desirable. Conventionally, these waste materials degraded aerobically by various oxidants and additives, further increase the cost of their disposal. Therefore, utilizing these waste materials for the synthesis of pharmacophores at lower price and henceforth making them available at lower price to larger population. Therefore, herein we report utilization of industrial waste for the synthesis of valuable pharmaceuticals like N-Mannich bases and α-ketoamides. Recently, COVID-19 has become threat to the human health and survival. Therefore, rigorous efforts for the design and development of suitable and highly efficient drug molecules are the need of the hour. The α-ketoamides can be investigated as the potential candidate to counter COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, more research work focussing on the synthesis of α-ketoamides is highly desirable. Furthermore, to fulfil the need of large human population, these α-ketoamides can be synthesised from industrial waste chemicals to offer pharmaceuticals at lower price.


protitle:
STUDY OF HYDRATE INHIBITORS THROUGH THEIR THERMODYNAMIC AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES: APPLICATION TO METHANE PRODUCTION FROM HYDRATE AND FLOW ASSURANCE

proarea:
Unconventional Energy Source on Gas Hydrate

prointro:
In the oil and gas industry, one of the chief impediments faced in flow assurance is the formation of gas hydrate in pipelines (Boyun G, Shanhong S, Ghalambor A, 2013), which can cause blockage of hydrocarbon production, transportation, and processing. Gas hydrate formation may lead to catastrophic economic losses and ecological risks. Hydrates also arise in the drilling fluids that are used in deep offshore drilling operations which could result in severe threats towards operational safety. In addition, a vast amount of natural gas hydrate deposits has been discovered in the continental margin and permafrost locations (Koh, 2002). A unit volume of gas hydrate contains almost 164 units of gas in its structure (Sloan and Koh, 2008). Major deposits of gas hydrates locations are found in the USA, India, China, Japan, Canada, etc. In India, these potential reserves are delineated in the area, such as the Krishna-Godavari basin, the Kerala-Konkan basin, and the Mahanadi basin, etc. (Sain et al., 2012). 
Chemical inhibitors are appraised as one of the potential solutions in mitigating flow assurance challenges due to hydrate formation in pipelines (Hammerschmidt, 1934). Also, the recent studies were focused on injecting/flooding these chemical inhibitors for recovering the methane from the hydrate. Chemical inhibitors are categorized as high dosage hydrate inhibitors/thermodynamic Hydrate Inhibitors(THIs) and Low dosage hydrate inhibitors (LDHIs). THIs are mainly based on organic solvents such as methanol, ethyl glycol (EG) polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), ionic liquids, etc (Foo et al., 2018). THIs shift the hydrate equilibrium curve towards lower temperature and higher pressure regions and hence keeping the system out of the hydrate formation region (Khan et al., 2018; Lal and Nashed, 2020). Organic solvent-based particles are supposed to disrupt the activity of water via hydrogen bonding ability with water molecules. The hydrogen bonding ability of organic solvent is attributed to the presence of hydroxyl [OH–] groups such as ethylene glycol and alcohols. While salts like NaCl or KCl are also able to induce this behavior due to the presence of ions, known as the Coulombic effect, the Coulombic effect is induced due to the presence of positive (cations) and negative (anions) charged particles, which overcome the hydrogen bonding, network of water molecules. Increasing the concentration of this, result in more hydrogen bonding disruption among the gas and water molecules, which decelerates further hydrate formation resulting in a more hydrate-free zone. LDHIs are kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) and anti-agglomerates (AAs). KHIs are water-soluble polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinylcaprolactam (PVCap); whereas, AAs are mostly surfactants molecules. These chemical inhibitors have largely been studied for their thermodynamic and kinetic performance of methane hydrate system (Lim et al., 2014). However, there is still a lot to be understood when it comes to their dependence on rheological properties. In a recent study, the molecular weight and concentration of the inhibitors are found to affect the hydrate inhibition tendency. The electrolytes and other thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors with very low molecular weights (such as glycols, alcohols) are found to reduce the thermodynamic activity of the liquid water phase with an increase in concentration whereas the polymer with high molecular weight increases the viscosity of the solution substantially (Englezos and Ngan, 1994; Gupta et al., 2019).

proobj:
To establish the relationship between the rheological and thermodynamic properties of chemical inhibitor aqueous solution for suitable screening them for effective use in flow assurance and methane recovery from hydrate

prometho:
Each chemical shall be characterized before further testing. Gel permeation chromatography and FTIR will be utilized for knowing the polymer's molecular weight and the associated functional group. Aqueous solutions of each chemical inhibitor at different concentrations will be prepared in deionized water and stirred for homogeneity. Water activity coefficient data can be collected from available literature for most of the electrolytes and a few non-electrolytes. Non-available osmotic data can be generated from an equipment vapor pressure osmometer. The data can be derived or extrapolated for different temperatures or from available empirical relationships. Rheological studies will then be carried out for each sample at different concentrations in an aqueous solution using Anton Paar MCR 52 across a temperature range. A new rheological-thermodynamic model will be developed based on the experimental data arising out of this work. This work will be helpful in facilitating the selection and screening of inhibitors.

prosummary:
The viscosity of the chemical inhibitor aqueous solution likely to play a dominant role in affecting hydrate equilibrium. The decrease in the viscosity of the respective aqueous solution enhances the molecular mobility which results in the probable disruption in the water structure. The reason for hydrate inhibition in terms of viscosity and mobility of the non-electrolytes (alcohols/glycols and probably other non-electrolyte inhibitors) in an aqueous solution seems to be a reliable theory. If the solute present in the solution results in higher molecular mobility or lesser viscosity in the solution, it will inhibit the hydrate formation by interacting with the water structure and distorting it. The water structure is further distorted due to the presence of a functional group which is a potential hydrogen bond former. Similar reasoning is not applicable for hydrate inhibition in the presence of electrolytes. The addition of electrolyte commonly used in hydrate inhibition will change the viscosity/molecular mobility of water very slightly with an increase in concentration; however, it mostly interacts with the existing water structure due to ionization, which results in a decrease in the activity of water and hence there is an increase in hydrate inhibition with an increase in the concentration of the electrolyte. Since the viscosity of the solution is playing a major role in hydrate inhibition in the presence of a non-electrolyte, a more detailed investigation (experimental and modeling) on relating the viscosity with the activity of the water in various aqueous solutions (especially non-electrolytes) is needed. This study will add to the existing knowledge of the chemical inhibition process and also facilitate the selection and screening of particular inhibitors for efficient performance in the recovery of methane from hydrate and their thermodynamic performance.

proEoutcome:
We expect from the work that we will be successful in establishing a relationship between rheology and osmotic coefficient. The outcome of this work will be greatly utilized in developing a rheological-thermodynamic model which is highly required in issues related to flow assurance. The outcome will also be extremely useful in screening out the best chemical inhibitor for methane recovery by injecting it into the hydrate reservoir. It is expected that results will also be way forward to give a uniform theory for the hydrate inhibition using chemical inhibitors.


protitle:
Intelligent Traffic Signal Control at an Isolated Intersection Using Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions

prointro:
Infrastructure is improving at a rapid rate to which demand for vehicles is also increasing. This creates a rise in the new phenomenon of traffic congestion.
Congestion creates a problem of an increase in travel time to reach the destination. To reduce congestion one of the ways is by widening the roads, but this is very costly. Traffic congestion problems can also be alleviated by optimally performing traffic control and management strategies. A traffic
signal is one of the most commonly used control strategies. Currently, there are three major traffic control strategies: fixed-time, actuated and adaptive.
Fixed-time control systems utilize historical traffic data to create timing plans for different times of the day (TOD) to address the demand fluctuation. It is assumed that within the entire time period of a particular plan, the traffic demand remains similar. However, in reality, the traffic demands may
fluctuate quickly. Both actuated and adaptive control strategies have been developed to address the problem in real-time. Actuated control collects real-time data from infrastructure-based sensors, e.g. loop-detectors, video
detectors, or radar, and applies a simple logic that includes phase calls, green extension, gap out, and max out to make control decisions. Adaptive control strategies utilize similar real-time sensor traffic data to predict near-future traffic conditions and seek an optimal timing based on a defined objective function to make control decisions. Several adaptive signal control systems include ACS-Lite, SCATS, SCOOT, OPAC, MOTION, UTOPIA, and RHODES.

proobj:
 To develop a system that responds to real-time traffic to
optimize the signal time.
 To minimize the delay caused due to traffic movements.
 To improve the adaptability of fluctuations in Traffic flow.

prometho:
1. Problem Identification:
The urban agglomeration of Ahmedabad comprises a roadway system of approximately 3478 km excluding the National Highways (CRRI,2012).
The exponential increase in the number of vehicles in the city has resulted in congestion at intersections. This has in turn resulted in the need to install traffic signals. However, the ever-increasing vehicular flow is found to cause heavy delays at intersections due to the stoppage of vehicles during the red phases of the signals. The wastage of fuel at these junctions results in a huge amount of valuable fuel resources.

2. Literature Review, Previous Works, and Improvement Needed: 
The literature review will consist of the review of books, thesis, research papers, reports, documents published, construction schedules, websites, journals from various Traffic and Transportation Planning institutes and organizations in relation to the above-said topic.

3. Data Collection:
Classified traffic volume counts and speed and delay surveys are to be carried out to assess the existing traffic volume, composition, and travel speed characteristics at the identified intersections and in their vicinity. Speed and Delay survey will be carried out on the Drive road.

4. Data Analysis and Simulation:
The collected data is analyzed to build a traffic flow dynamic.
Simulation is done in software (VISSIM). Validation of the collected data needed to be carried out as this is traffic data statistical validation is carried out in GEH software

5. Comparison with the Existing System:
Comparing the design parameters in the existing system (Fixed time traffic signal) with the proposed system.

prosummary:
1 Proposal Submission 05/04/2021
2 Resubmission of the proposal and its
presentation
15/4/2021
3 Literature Review Submission 18/4/2021 to
25/6/2021
4 Data collection & Analysis Submission 28/5/2021 to
20/8/2021
5 Algorithm Development and Comparison 1/9/2021 to
20/2/2022
6 Submission of Final Report 10/4/2022

proEoutcome:
In this research, there is an attempt to develop an intelligent traffic signal system which detects real-time traffic scenario by installing detectors and based on that developing an algorithm which would give optimized signal cycle time. This system would reduce the unnecessary waiting time and will also reduce the fuel loss and pollution due to it.


protitle:
Versatile Metal dichalcogenides and PANI based nanocomposites for Waste Cooking oil Valorization

prointro:
The waste cooking oil refers to the used vegetable oil from different sources like kitchen, takeaways/dhabas and restaurants. With increasing population, the amount of waste oil is soaring. Repeated use of the waste cooking oil changes its physicochemical properties, nutritional and sensing properties due to increased concentration of the Total Polar Compound (TPC) making it unfit for human consumption. Furthermore, disposal of the waste cooking oil into soil and water is problematic to both the terrestrial and aquatic biomass. Therefore, proper management of waste cooking oil is highly desirable, and Food Safety and Standard Authority of India (FSSAI) has implemented regulations for the efficient management of the waste cooking oil by educating the consumer for creating an efficient ecosystem for the collection and utilization of waste cooking oil.
The growing interest in the production of valuable goods from waste cooking oil is strictly related with the concepts of sustainable cities and circular economy. Within this scenario, highly efficient and advanced nanotechnology materials can be used for the valorisation waste cooking oil. In recent times, transition metal dichalcogenides based nanocomposte materials, due to their intriguing chemical structure and distinctive physical properties, can be used as efficient catalysts to obtain bio-lubricants, valuable chemicals and polymers from waste cooking oil. Bio-lubricants are sustainable, biodegradable, non-toxic, non-polluting and cost-effective materials as compared to mineral oils. Furthermore, an epoxidation and hydrodeoxygenation reaction of the waste cooking oil leads to valuable chemicals like alcohols, aldehydes or alkanes. Epoxy derivatives, for example, can represent useful building blocks. They will be thus used for the synthesis of chitosan-based biodegradable polymers via a tandem cascade process involving CO2 cyclo-addition and reacting with chitosans to form biodegradable polyurethane-like polymers.

proobj:
The prime objective of the proposed research plan involves the valorization of waste cooking oil to valuable biolubricants, high value chemicals and biodegradable polymers. To this aim, the following mid-terms objectives will be achieved:
•	Fabrication of composite nanomaterials based on transition metal dimetalchalcogenides like MoS2, WS2, MoSe2 or WS2, in synergy with transition metal oxides like TiO2, SnO2, ZnO, etc. 
•	Fabrication of polyaniline (PANI) based composite materials and other conducting polymers like polythiophene (PTH), polyfuran (PF), polyacetylene (PA), etc.
•	Detailed physicochemical characterization of the semiconducting nanocomposites, using various physicochemical techniques like XRD, Physisorption (BET), FESEM, HRTEM, XPS, XRD, etc.
•	Applications of metal dichalcogenide based nanocomposite materials for the production of biolubricants via the catalytic transesterification of waste cooking oil with a wide array of long chain, linear or branched, alcohols and polyols. Furthermore, aforementioned catalytic materials will be investigated for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of waste cooking oil, i.e. decarboxylation reactions, to yield paraffins and olefins.
•	Applications of the PANI based nanocomposte materials for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers from waste cooking oil.

prometho:
In the food loving country like India waste cooking oil is liberated from restaurants, dhabasa and kitchens on every day basis. With increasing population the amount of waste oil liberation is soaring. This food waste when disposed in water poses a severe threat to the aquatic biomass. Therefore, innovative techniques to utilize the food waste for the synthesis of valuable chemicals is highly desired. Currently, the government of India is launching several programmes for the utilization of the cooking waste oil for the biodiesel production. However, application of the waste cooking oil can be extended to the synthesis of valuable biolubricants and for valuable chemicals and polymers. These biolubricants are advantageous materials as they are sustainable, benign and biodegradable, non-toxic, non-polluting and cost-effective materials as compared to mineral oil. The waste cooking oils when disposed into the environment results in depletion of water quality for plants and animals thriving in the water world. Therefore, these waste oil materials can be further utilised for the synthesis of valuable chemicals and reduce the disposal costs. Additional advantages associated with the use of cooking waste oil are that it can be directly utilised without any sophisticated treatment, therefore, desired products can be obtained without many synthesis steps. Furthermore, the cooking waste oil can be used as much cheaper alternate to virgin oils and vegetable oils. Furthermore, the application of the waste cooking oil can be extended to the synthesis of less oxygenated valuable chemicals by hydrodeoxygenation process. Several valuable alcohols, aldehydes or alkanes can be obtained by the hydrodeoxygenation of crude waste oil. Several transition metal based heterogeneous catalysts like CaO-La2O3, supported CoMoS, IrReOx, carbon supported Ni2P catalysts and NiW/SiO2-Al2O3 have been used for the hydrodeoxygenation of waste cooking oil.The major drawback associated with the aforementioned catalytic materials are either average catalytic performance or utilization of expensive rare Earth metals. 
 Highly efficient and innovative nanotechnology materials can be used as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for waste cooking oil valorization. Transition metal dichalogenide based nanocomposite materials, due to their intriguing chemical structure and distinctive physical properties have been effectively used as heterogeneous catalysts for the multifarious organic reactions. Furthermore, doping MoS2 with several other Earth abundant materials can enhance its catalytic performance for more efficient utilization of the biowaste materials. These MoS2 based nanocomposites can be used as state-of the art catalytic materials for the valorization of waste cooking oil. Advanced cost effective materials for the waste oil treatment to form valorized products are still highly desired. MoS2 based nanocomposites due to their excellent physical properties have been used as the catalytic materials for the selective organic transformations. Therefore, the catalytic applications of these materials will be extended for the synthesis of biolubricants and multifarious hydro-treatment reactions like hydrodeoxygenation, hydrocraking and hydrogenation reactions of cooking waste oil. Furthermore, Innovative materials with high catalytic performance using Earth abundant cost effective materials in corroboration with MS2 will be used to synthesize nanocomposite materials for cooking waste oil valorization. Furthermore, the waste cooking oil will be used for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers.

prosummary:
Step 1: Waste cooking oil will be collected from kitchens, dhabas and hotels will be collected and analysed for its chemical constituents

Sterp 2: Several transition metal dichalcogenides based composite materials will be synthesised

Step 3: Several combinations of transition metal dichalcogenides, dithocarbamtes and PANI will be synthesised .

Step 4: Waste cooking oil from various sources will investigated for the synthesis of biolubricants and hydrodeoxygenation reaction

Step 5: Waste cooking oil from various sources will investigated for the synthesis of biolubricants and hydrodeoxygenation reaction
Step 6: The polyaniline based composite materials will be investigated for the polymer synthesis from waste cooking oil.

proEoutcome:
With increasing human population and shrinking fresh water reserves, the demand for novel advance technologies for fast and efficient desalination of sea water to yield fresh water is highly desirable.The outcome of the significant research will be used for the manufacturing of high performance solar sills for fast and efficient solar water desalination and fabricating portable devices for water heating will be helpful for general public. Furthermore, the resulting membrane based materials will be useful for the desalination of drinking water. Currently, there are several companies supplying portable devices for the purification of impure water based on R.O. technique using semipermiable membranes. However, the filter materials of these materials generally are not very stable and continues servicing is required. Furthermore, cost of devising these membranes filtration is high due to expensive membrane as purification systems. Therefore, state of the art membrane systems cans assist in the cost-effective method for purification of water.

FAScheme:
Indo Italy Significant Projects research grants by DST


protitle:
Waste cooking oil valorization by versatile nanocomposites based on metal dichalcogenide and polyaniline

prointro:
The waste cooking oil refers to the used vegetable oil from different sources like kitchen, takeaways/dhabas and restaurants. With increasing population, the amount of waste oil is soaring. Repeated use of the waste cooking oil changes its physicochemical properties, nutritional and sensing properties due to increased concentration of the Total Polar Compound (TPC) making it unfit for human consumption. Furthermore, disposal of the waste cooking oil into soil and water is problematic to both the terrestrial and aquatic biomass. Therefore, proper management of waste cooking oil is highly desirable, and Food Safety and Standard Authority of India (FSSAI) has implemented regulations for the efficient management of the waste cooking oil by educating the consumer for creating an efficient ecosystem for the collection and utilization of waste cooking oil. The growing interest in the production of valuable goods from waste cooking oil is strictly related with the concepts of sustainable cities and circular economy. Within this scenario, highly efficient and advanced nanotechnology materials can be used for the valorisation waste cooking oil. In recent times, transition metal dichalcogenides based nanocomposte materials, due to their intriguing chemical structure and distinctive physical properties, can be used as efficient catalysts to obtain bio-lubricants, valuable chemicals and polymers from waste cooking oil. Bio-lubricants are sustainable, biodegradable, non-toxic, non-polluting and cost-effective materials as compared to mineral oils. Furthermore, an epoxidation and hydrodeoxygenation reaction of the waste cooking oil leads to valuable chemicals like alcohols, aldehydes or alkanes. Epoxy derivatives, for example, can represent useful building blocks. They will be thus used for the synthesis of chitosan-based biodegradable polymers via a tandem cascade process involving CO2 cyclo-addition and reacting with chitosans to form biodegradable polyurethane-like polymers.

proobj:
The prime objective of the proposed research plan involves the valorization of waste cooking oil to valuable biolubricants, high value chemicals and biodegradable polymers. To this aim, the following mid-terms objectives will be achieved: • Fabrication of composite nanomaterials based on transition metal dimetalchalcogenides like MoS2, WS2, MoSe2 or WS2, in synergy with transition metal oxides like TiO2, SnO2, ZnO, etc. • Fabrication of polyaniline (PANI) based composite materials and other conducting polymers like polythiophene (PTH), polyfuran (PF), polyacetylene (PA), etc. • Detailed physicochemical characterization of the semiconducting nanocomposites, using various physicochemical techniques like XRD, Physisorption (BET), FESEM, HRTEM, XPS, XRD, etc. • Applications of metal dichalcogenide based nanocomposite materials for the production of biolubricants via the catalytic transesterification of waste cooking oil with a wide array of long chain, linear or branched, alcohols and polyols. Furthermore, aforementioned catalytic materials will be investigated for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of waste cooking oil, i.e. decarboxylation reactions, to yield paraffins and olefins. • Applications of the PANI based nanocomposte materials for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers from waste cooking oil.

prometho:
In the food loving country like India waste cooking oil is liberated from restaurants, dhabasa and kitchens on every day basis. With increasing population the amount of waste oil liberation is soaring. This food waste when disposed in water poses a severe threat to the aquatic biomass. Therefore, innovative techniques to utilize the food waste for the synthesis of valuable chemicals is highly desired. Currently, the government of India is launching several programmes for the utilization of the cooking waste oil for the biodiesel production. However, application of the waste cooking oil can be extended to the synthesis of valuable biolubricants and for valuable chemicals and polymers. These biolubricants are advantageous materials as they are sustainable, benign and biodegradable, non-toxic, non-polluting and cost-effective materials as compared to mineral oil. The waste cooking oils when disposed into the environment results in depletion of water quality for plants and animals thriving in the water world. Therefore, these waste oil materials can be further utilised for the synthesis of valuable chemicals and reduce the disposal costs. Additional advantages associated with the use of cooking waste oil are that it can be directly utilised without any sophisticated treatment, therefore, desired products can be obtained without many synthesis steps. Furthermore, the cooking waste oil can be used as much cheaper alternate to virgin oils and vegetable oils. Furthermore, the application of the waste cooking oil can be extended to the synthesis of less oxygenated valuable chemicals by hydrodeoxygenation process. Several valuable alcohols, aldehydes or alkanes can be obtained by the hydrodeoxygenation of crude waste oil. Several transition metal based heterogeneous catalysts like CaO-La2O3, supported CoMoS, IrReOx, carbon supported Ni2P catalysts and NiW/SiO2-Al2O3 have been used for the hydrodeoxygenation of waste cooking oil.The major drawback associated with the aforementioned catalytic materials are either average catalytic performance or utilization of expensive rare Earth metals. Highly efficient and innovative nanotechnology materials can be used as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for waste cooking oil valorization. Transition metal dichalogenide based nanocomposite materials, due to their intriguing chemical structure and distinctive physical properties have been effectively used as heterogeneous catalysts for the multifarious organic reactions. Furthermore, doping MoS2 with several other Earth abundant materials can enhance its catalytic performance for more efficient utilization of the biowaste materials. These MoS2 based nanocomposites can be used as state-of the art catalytic materials for the valorization of waste cooking oil. Advanced cost effective materials for the waste oil treatment to form valorized products are still highly desired. MoS2 based nanocomposites due to their excellent physical properties have been used as the catalytic materials for the selective organic transformations. Therefore, the catalytic applications of these materials will be extended for the synthesis of biolubricants and multifarious hydro-treatment reactions like hydrodeoxygenation, hydrocraking and hydrogenation reactions of cooking waste oil. Furthermore, Innovative materials with high catalytic performance using Earth abundant cost effective materials in corroboration with MS2 will be used to synthesize nanocomposite materials for cooking waste oil valorization. Furthermore, the waste cooking oil will be used for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers.

prosummary:
Step 1: Waste cooking oil will be collected from kitchens, dhabas and hotels will be collected and analysed for its chemical constituents Sterp 2: Several transition metal dichalcogenides based composite materials will be synthesised Step 3: Several combinations of transition metal dichalcogenides, dithocarbamtes and PANI will be synthesised . Step 4: Waste cooking oil from various sources will investigated for the synthesis of biolubricants and hydrodeoxygenation reaction Step 5: Waste cooking oil from various sources will investigated for the synthesis of biolubricants and hydrodeoxygenation reaction Step 6: The polyaniline based composite materials will be investigated for the polymer synthesis from waste cooking oil.


protitle:
Design and development of black phosphorus, phosphorene and their derivatives as new functional nanomaterials for hydrogen generation and CO2 reduction

prointro:
Phosphorene – a new 2D material obtained from the exfoliation of BP, has recently attracted considerable attention from the scientific community due to its unique physical properties. Owing to its extraordinary puckered and highly anisotropic structure, unique semiconducting properties, high charge mobility, and good biocompatibility, BP-based 2D materials find applications in various fields, such as electro- and photocatalysis, Li-ion and Na-ion batteries, field-effect transistors, supercapacitors, biomedical materials, etc.
In addition, having lone electron pairs at phosphorus atoms, phosphorene emerged as a potential ligand for metal complexes, as well as a carrier for metal nanoparticles. The functionalization of phosphorene leads not only to a change in some physical and chemical properties but also opens up new possibilities for the creation of catalytic systems. Currently, the development of photo- and electrocatalysts for hydrogen production is of great interest. Hydrogen, being an environmentally friendly and renewable energy source, helps to solve the existing problems of depletion of fossil energy resources. The development of electrocatalytic systems for hydrogen production is mainly aimed at finding alternatives to platinum-based catalysts, which, despite their high activity, are limited in large-scale applications due to the high cost of platinum. Currently, photocatalytic systems have not yet reached their maximum efficiency and stability and require further development.

proobj:
Development of economically favourable black phosphorus, phosphorene, and their derivatives as new functional nanomaterials for the water splitting and electrochemical reduction of CO2 into fuels.

prometho:
3.1.  Design and synthesis of black phosphorus, phosphorene and their derivatives as new functional nanomaterials:
A series of experiments aimed at obtaining phosphorene and few-layered black phosphorus will be conducted during this project. It is known that with a decreasing number of phosphorene layers some of the physical properties of materials change. And to achieve the most active materials with best catalytic and chemical activities it is favourable to prepare phosphorene nanosheets with a number of layers as low as possible, ideally – to obtain suspensions considering only monolayered black phosphorus. There is a lot of researches has been done in this field but obtaining of monolayered phosphorene is still challenging. Currently, the method of liquid exfoliation of black phosphorus is widely used to obtain few-layered phosphorene nanosheets. This method consists of successive sonication and centrifugation of black phosphorus suspensions in different solvents. Liquid exfoliation of black phosphorus makes it possible to obtain bi- or even monolayers of phosphorene, but the usage of quite a harsh sonication process (which lasts dozens of hours) breaks not only the van der Waals interactions between two layers but also breaks P–P bonds within one layer so the surface area of phosphorene also decreases. Therefore, other methods of black phosphorus exfoliation such as shear-assisted techniques and electrochemical exfoliation find their applications. A combination of different methods of black phosphorus exfoliation will be used during this project to obtain high-quality phosphorene sheets with acceptable lateral size.

prosummary:
During the implementation of the entire project (3 years):
1. New nanomaterials based on phosphorene and few-layer black phosphorus will be obtained, possessing potential catalytic activity in the reactions of hydrogen production and CO2 reduction.
2. Modification of electrodes by the obtained nanocomposites will be carried out and their main electrochemical parameters will be investigated.
3. New phosphorene and few-layered black phosphorus-based electrocatalytic systems for hydrogen production and CO2 reduction will be developed 
4. New phosphorene based catalytic systems for photochemical hydrogen production reaction will be developed

proEoutcome:
Outcome 1. Transfer of knowledge and experimental expertise on the synthesis of Black phosphorus, phosphorene, and their derivatives as new functional nanomaterials for hydrogen production and CO2 reduction into green fuel


protitle:
Mapping levees and flood defence structures using Drone (UAV) techniques for reinforce a flood mitigation planning–A case application of Emergency Action Plan (EAP) for large dams

proarea:
Geo-spatial Techniques and Water Resources Engineering

prointro:
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) is a contemporary tool for geospatial data collection and mapping. It is widely used for mapping of high spatial resolution imagery for temporal events i.e. flood, forest fire, landslides, etc. in a shorter time. UAVs are flexible in term of sensor and fly, and acquire a data easily under complex urban landscape as well as inaccessible areas. UAVs are low cost photogrammetry for acquire a data comparison to traditional data acquisition approaches. Recently, UAVs are widely used for flood pre, post and during flood hazard and risk assessment. The high resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Levees, river shorelines, channel geometry, and vegetation cover are few of the example where UAVs can provide precise up to date georefernced information. High quality topography information and DEM are very crucial parameters for flood risk analysis through hydrodynamic modelling. Literatures reported that a small error in DEM in flood prone area, affect significantly to flood risk maps and decision making system

proobj:
The potential use of UAVs for geospatial data acquisition is enormous. Possible objectives in the field of Drone mapping and its application for flood hazard mapping are as follows:   
1)	To prepare a high resolution DEM-DTM of river banks including levees, embankment and flood defence work along river reach.
2)	To derive an urban flood inundation extent including UAV based levees data.
3)	To study a levee break cases and potential flood hazards risk.
4)	To develop a methodology framework for levees induced flood inundation for EAP

prometho:
The methodology comprise of V phases, namely I) Preparation II) Field work and data collection III) Data processing IV) Modeling V) Reporting 
Detail methodology is included in attached project proposal PDF file

prosummary:
Emergency Action Plan (EAP) and dam break flood risk assessment for large dam in India are prepared based on hydrodynamic modelling. More than 209 EAP and 222 dam break analysis has been performed under the Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement project (DRIP). It has been performed by 1D, 2D or 1D/2D coupled hydrodynamic modelling for flood simulation. Hydrodynamic models required boundary condition, DEM and land use/land cover file for simulation of flood under unsteady flow condition. However, recent changes in river bank line and flood defence structures are rarely considered for preparation of EAP for large dam. These structures made significant changes on river stages and flood plain inundation. Therefore, present research aims to develop a high resolution DEM of river banks, levees and flood defence structure constructed on/along river banks in last decades. Tapi River at Surat City will be considered as a case study to demonstrate the modelling work. The levees and flood protection structure constructed along the banks are to be mapped using UAV techniques. The high resolution DEM and DTM for levees will be prepared using UAV images and PiX4D software. Spatially located levees will be marked and new river bank boundaries will be modelled for HEC-RAS hydrodynamic modelling. The model will be simulated under the levees and flood defence condition, and significant changes in inundation, water surface elevation, velocity and arrival time will be identified. 
Present case, will fill the geospatial knowledge gap to produce a high resolution levees and bank protection work for hydrodynamic modelling using UAVs. It would be a first case in India where levees and bank protection work will be prepared and mapped using UAV techniques. Besides, it would help to understand the flood propagation and flood hydrodynamics of levees and flood defence structure under the different flooding condition as well as releases from the dam and important enhancement in flood modelling work will be achieved. Levees break cases will be addressed. Residual risk and residual flooding, in case of levees failure will be mapped, and loss of life, properties and vulnerability will be estimated. The experience gain from the pilot project will support to improve the guideline manual for “Guidelines for Developing Emergency Action Plans for Dams” and “Guidelines for Mapping Flood Risk Associated with Dams”, and success of DRIP project of India.  In future, spatially located Nation Levees Performance Database (NLPD) will be prepared. The spatially located levees, flood defence structure and levees failed flood induces flood will be marked on Indian map and utilized for urban flood resilience activities in future. The flood mitigation and management activities across the country would be strengthen using Drone (UAV) based geospatial techniques.

proEoutcome:
1)	Spatially located levees and flood defense structure measures through UAV techniques will fill the 2D hydrodynamic modelling gap for producing flood inundation scenario i.e. with levees, without levees and levees break condition at Surat city. It will improve the flood resilience strategy at Surat city and will be strengthen “Emergency Action Plan” of Ukai dam. In addition, outcomes will be useful to local Municipal Corporation to prepare spatially located levees and flood defense data set and maps for better city planning i.e. river front, bridges across river, etc. Also, help to understand the flood barriers and defense structure for future improvements. Modeling outputs will help to sustain blue ecosystem at Lower Tapi River near Surat City.


protitle:
AMC -Yhonk pilot on Honking Noise Pollution

proarea:
Honking behavior pattern of honking by drivers and its effect on pollution and human body and mind

prointro:
First of its kind project which will help in reducing noise due to vehicle honking and its effect on neurological condition of persons.

proobj:
-Honking behavior and its impact on nudges.
-Role of gender and its association with honking
-Sustainability and public transport

prometho:
-Preparation of exploratory Questionnaire.
-Analysis of the same
-Creation of Nudges
-Factor analysis for sensitivity of parameters

proEoutcome:
-To prepare a flow chart for recommendation to AMC based on factor analysis and sensitivity of parameters.


protitle:
ML-GEOSPATIAL ENABLED LIGHTNING AND HAILSTORM
ALERT SYSTEM

proarea:
Metrology / Lightning and Hailstorm Detection

prointro:
Nowadays, vast quantities of weather data is available and more data can also be acquired in real time by using sensors, satellite, Radar etc. At present, most of the weather-related warnings like lightning, thunderstorm, hailstorm etc. are issued manually based on the observed data. Furthermore, the IMD issues lightning warnings 30 minutes in advance, which is insufficient to alert farmers and the general public. So, there is a need to develop an automated system which issues lightning warnings at least four hours in advance.
This work develops an Artificial Intelligence (AI) enabled fully automated lightning, thunderstorms and hail detection and warning systems utilizing the GIS tools. AI will be applied to anticipate the position & probability of lightning strikes and hail/ thunderstorms. Weather parameters like atmospheric pressure, wind speed, air temperature and relative humidity play a significant role in the production of lightning and thunderstorms. Our proposed system uses the weather data, soil and vegetation indices, ground-based lightning strikes data, geostationary satellites & Radar data and distance between lightning location and atmospheric electric field to forecast the warning. Several ground based data will be produced and collected through IoT and stored in a private/ hybrid cloud. Proposed lightning alarm system will be capable of anticipating hail and lightning at least four hours in advance.
Moreover, in current study, Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) data will be analyzed for the period at Patiala, Bhopal, Nagpur and Patna radar station to prepare the pre-monsoon hailstorm climatology as DWR products help to ascertain the hail causing thunderstorms intensity, its vertical extent, movement, vertical integrated liquid and drop size distribution. Radar data will be studied in synchronization with synoptic, thermodynamic, satellite and NWP model data, to validate their inferences with radar parameters and products during hailstorm events. Study targets to examine the temporal and spatial distribution of significant pre-monsoon hailstorms in the States of MP, Jharkhand, Punjab and Haryana and would be helpful for the forecasters to understand when a severe weather event is “most likely” and to quickly realize the significance when a rare event occurs.
In continuation to Lightning and Hail Storm alert system with 4-6 hours lead time, it is also a solution to be implement warning system with greater lead time (24 hours) for Hail Storm with the help of using readymade Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model outputs (forecast) and with actual Satellite and Radar data using Big data analytics tools (Spark). Integration of NWP output with such remote sensing data (using ML models) may lead to location specific forecasts of Hail Storms apart from existing Rainfall forecasts by NWP models. At the end, all such products (Hail Storms forecast and Lightning alerts with 3 to 24 hours lead time) will be visualized and disseminated using open source GIS platform (such as QGIS etc.) and GS based warnings/ alerts can be delivered to user’s mobile apps or through sms or public dissemination systems installed in vulnerable locations, associated with IoT.

proobj:
To predict the location and frequency of lightning
To predict the hailstorm location

prometho:
The Doppler Weather Radar is a standalone system, which detects processes, distributes and displays radar weather data. It uses technology to acquire particle velocity data in addition to range, direction and reflectivity values. Software processing is used to control the radar operation according to its characteristics to produce the optimum radar volume coverage patterns and to optimize the radar returns. The resulting base weather data is then processed through the application of meteorological algorithms to generate primary and derived weather radar products. These products are further processed using graphics algorithms to produce immediate interpretable weather data displays on color monitors. Therefore, Radar is the most important and essential source of remote sensing data which gives a continuous spatial profile of various atmospheric parameters vertically and horizontally both. Following steps are involved in the detection of lightning and hailstorm
Remote Sensing observational data to be used (since last 6-10 years):
                     	1. S-band Doppler Weather Radar data (Patiala, Bhopal, Nagpur and Patna)
		2. C-band Doppler Weather Radar data (Delhi and Jaipur)
                     	2. Satellite data (INSAT 3D and 3DR)
		3. Soil data - Organic, Inorganic, Moisture contents and vegetation indices
b)	In-situ observational data to be used (since last 10 years as per availability):
          	            1. Lightning data (IITM and Airforce Lightning Network)  -- geospatial discrete
                     	2. Soil Reanalysis inorganic and organic contents -- geospatial profile
                     	3. Losses of lives due to lightning, hail or strong winds  --  (NDMA/ SDMA)
                     	4. Existing numerical weather prediction models output (NWP) of IMD
   	            5. Hail and Thunderstorm observation data   -- Manual, geospatial discrete
    	            6. Electric field data (point observation) -- to be observed by the instrument used
7. Automatic/ manual weather data from IMD -- geospatial point data

prosummary:
1 Remote sensing data analytics-   3 months
2. In-situ observational network       4 months
3. NWP data analytics                      3 months
4. Surface profiling                          2 month
5. Remote sensing geospatial data   4 months
management (Phase-1)                      3 months
6. NWP Geospatial data 
7. Public dissemination system            2 month
8. Validation                                           2 month
9. Micro-level GS data processing and  
Models verification (Phase-3)                 1 month                      
management (Phase-2)

proEoutcome:
a) Collect and analyze weather using remote sensing sources (satellite, Radar etc.)
b) Gather and store in-situ observations through secured IoT over cloud.
c) Collect and analyze stationary data such as vegetation, soil properties and social inputs (population density etc.) of the target region over cloud.
d) Analyse the NWP model outputs in connection with above data using Big data analytics.
e) Predict the probability of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes in desired location/ area
 	f) Predict frequency of the lightning strikes in desired location/ area
g) Estimate Intensity of the lightning strikes and Hail Storm in desired location/ area
h) Estimate adverse impacts associated with severe weather described previously
i) Spatio-temporal profiling of severe weather of target region
j) End-to-end dissemination system for sending alerts and warnings using GIS tools


protitle:
Transition metal dichalcogenides for the valorisation of waste plastic

proarea:
Environmental chemistry, circular economy, waste valorisation

prointro:
Since 1950, the global demand for plastics has led to the production of more than 8 billion tons of waste plastics, which are either stored, recycled, energetically valorised, or dumped, all with significant drawbacks for the environment, the economy and the sustainability. Another way to deal with waste plastics would be to transform them into chemicals of added value, following chemical or thermal conversion. In these processes, catalysts are sometimes added to improve the selectivity toward certain chemicals.
Among them, heterogenous photocatalytic materials are attracting attention owing to their environmentally-friendly activation requirements. More precisely, in the frame of the project, transition metal dichalcogenides-based composites will be investigated. These materials have recently emerged as highly-efficient photocatalytic materials. They will be mixed with thermoplastic conducting polymers, to enhance even more their photochemical performance following the Type II semiconductor behaviour. Moreover, these composites will be shaped as free form solids following a 3D-printing approach, allowing their facile recovery.
Such catalysts will be applied to the photoreforming of waste plastics, which is currently hindered by the poor conversion rates reported. On the other hand, better engineered photocatalytic materials would afford the production of cheap hydrogen. Other applications, including the solvolysis of Bisphenol A-based polymers in the presence of amines and alcohols, and the epoxidation of fatty acids, will also be investigated. Interestingly, the same catalyst should be active for both applications, and the resulting products can be blended to obtain cheap epoxy resins with improved biodegradability and reduced glass transition temperature.

proobj:
The proposed plan focuses on management of plastic waste and cooking oil waste for the production of green chemicals, polymers and clean energy. Different approaches for an integrated waste plastic and cooking oil will be performed using semiconducting photocatalytic materials based on dimetalchalcogenides. To achieve these goals, the following objectives have been set:
•	Fabrication of transition metal based dimetalchalcogenides like MoS2, WS2, MoSe2 or WS2 in corroboration with transition metal oxides like TiO2, SnO2, ZnO, etc. 
•	Fabrication of transition metal based dimetalchalcogenides like MoS2, SnS2, WS2, MoSe2, WSe2 in corroboration with conducting polymers like polyaniline (PANI), polythiophene (PTH), polyfuran (PF), polyacetylene (PA), etc.
•	Detailed physicochemical characterization of the semiconducting nanocomposites, using various physicochemical techniques like XRD, Physisorption (BET), FESEM, HRTEM, XPS, XRD, etc.
•	Application of the transition metal dichalogenides for the synthesis of hydrogen by photoreforming process.
•	Application of the fabricated transition metal dichalogenides for the production of the valuable chemicals from the plastic waste
•	Application of the fabricated semiconductor photocatalytic materials for the production of epoxy resin based coating material
•	Patenting and publishing the outcome of the research work in high impact chemistry journals

prometho:
Methodology including task calendar & Deliverables (~2 ½ pages):

Management: This collaborative project will be conducted on the daily basis by the recruited research fellows, including a PhD student and a post-doctoral researcher. Over the three years of the PhD, it is expected that the PhD student will stay 50% of the time in each research institute. The post-doctoral researcher will remain in India and will work more specifically on the catalytic part. The PIs will supervise the project at least every two weeks through online meetings, or as needed by the PI hosting the PhD student. The PIs will also cover the day-to-day management of the project, monitor the project progress and outputs (deliverables) against the work plan, and write the final project report. The PhD student will write 6-monthly reports which will include details of all successful procedures and full characterization for all new compounds in a format suitable for publication.

Research methodology: The proposed research project is constituted of four interconnected work packages, designed in such a way to achieve the desired impact.

Work Package 1. Preparation of TMDs and TMD composites (Months 1-18).
1.1. Preparation of TMD semiconductors. MoS2 will firstly be prepared via the hydrothermal route using ammonium heptamolybdate as the precursor and a sulphide source. As observed by SEM (Figure 1), the resulting material will present a 2D-morphology.
Then, different 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) MX2, where M is the transition metal atom (Mo, W, etc.) and X is the chalcogen atom (S, Se, or Te) will be prepared by the research fellows. Their doping with semiconductor photocatalytic materials, namely TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, or CdS, will be explored. If the solvo-/hydrothermal route proves to be sometimes ineffective, an alternative pathway based on reverse micelle microemulsion techniques will be used.
1.2. Preparation of TMD composites. During the second stay, the PhD fellow will prepare composites by doping conducting polymers such as polyaniline, polythiophene, or polyfuran, with the most promising TMDs. Combination of both should enhance the photochemical performance by delaying the electron-hole pair recombination. To reach the expected result, TMDs will be blended with aniline, thiophene, or furan, and polymerization will be triggered by in-situ oxidation. The electrical properties of such composites will be evaluated at PDEU.

Work Package 2. In-depth characterization of the catalysts (Months 7-36).
2.1. Characterization of TMD-based materials. Owing to their 2D morphology, surface characterization techniques are of prime interest to better link the physico-chemical properties of the TMD-based materials with their catalytic performance. Hence, the solids will be extensively characterized owing to the diverse analytical platforms in Lille (https://chevreul.univ-lille.fr/?page_id=468): a combination of spectroscopic (XPS, EPR, TOF-SIMS, LEIS, Solid-State NMR), microscopic (HAADF-STEM), and chemical (H2-TPR and O2-TPD) techniques will allow to reach a fine comprehension of the unique physico-chemical properties of the TMD-based materials. When possible, the PhD student will be trained to use these techniques autonomously.
2.2. Characterization of the spent catalysts and re-activation. After their use over several cycles for photoreforming or solvolysis (see WP 4), the catalysts will be recovered and characterized again. Deactivation might occur and would arise from poisoning, coking, lixiviation, and/or overtime sintering/degradation. All possible causes will be investigated through the use of the techniques mentioned in 2.1. in a comprehensive fashion.

Work Package 3. Shaping of TMD composites using 3D printing (Months 19-24). 
3.1. 3D printing of the TMD composites. Additive manufacturing techniques allow to prepare solids with tunable shapes. This is highly interesting for reactions in continuous flow as well as for reactions in batch processes. Filaments of diameter 1.75 mm will be prepared by the melting-extrusion of the thermoplastic TMD composites. Then, these filaments will be used to 3D-print monoliths with macrostructured macropores, using the fused filament fabrication technique. As-prepared monoliths will have their electrical properties characterized comparatively to the TMD composites. It is thought that these materials would present improved diffusion properties, which is desirable for the catalytic transformation of polymers.

Work Package 4. Application of the catalytic materials (Months 19-36).
4.1. Photoreforming of waste plastic. The semiconducting TMD-based materials shall present good electron-hole pairs separation, which should lead to good photocatalytic performance. The production of H2, an attractive molecule for sustainable energy, from waste plastic will then be investigated. Starting from PE, the most abundant waste plastic, more complex mixtures of PE, PS, PET and PVC will also be investigated, and the conversion rates following several cycles will be evaluated. An available batch reactor with UV-visible irradiation will be used.
4.2. Solvolysis of poly(bisphenol A carbonate). The post-doctoral fellow will mostly work on this application, catalyzed by the TMD-based materials. A catalytic bench will first be set up, to be able to perform both aminolysis and alcoholysis of the poly(bisphenol A carbonate). Aminolysis will lead to the formation of (cyclic)ureas, which can be used as anticancer and antiviral agents, while alcoholysis gives carbonated alcohols of industrial significance. Both also lead to the production of bisphenol A. Following TMD-catalyzed epoxidation of fatty acids representative of waste cooking oils, the blending of bisphenol A and the epoxidized fatty acids will lead to composite resins whose performance (flexibility, tensile strength, hardness, adhesiveness, heat and electrical resistance) will be assessed.

prosummary:
To address these issues, the governing and policymaking bodies in India are taking comprehensive measures to reduce, reuse, and recycle and recovery campaign for waste plastic by creating awareness amongst public. Several recycle strategies have been developed using mechanical recycling, feedstock recycling, waste plastic for the construction of road, waste plastic for the manufacturing of toilets and pavement blocks. 5 Amongst all, the feedstock recycle technique involves the waste plastic materials can be used for the production of fuel. In order to convert the waste plastic to fuel pyrrolytic and plasma conversion techniques have been extensively investigated. Pyrolytic techniques involve the thermal treatment of the waste plastic under inert atmosphere leads to the generation of commodity products. Recently, plasma pyrolytic techniques have also been for the waste plastic for the pyrolysis of the waste plastic materials at very high temperature (8500 – 10500 °C) under anerobic conditions. However, the major drawback associated with these cracking techniques have certain limitation limitations like requirement of high temperatures (500 – 600 °C) and liberation of carbon dioxide. 6 Photoreforming requires four key conditions, that is, efficient photocatalytic material, water, sunlight and water to generate hydrogen and minimal generation of byproducts and green-house gases. Alternatively, the depolymerisation of plastic, conversion of plastic to fuels, plasma pyrolysis technique (PPT). Therefore, plastic waste can be used as cost-effective alternative for the hydrogen production. Previously, CdS/CdOx, Ni2P/CNx has been investigated for the photocatalytic reforming waste plastic materials.7 8 However, the major drawback associated with these materials was the poor conversion rates for the waste plastic materials. Depolymerization involves the bond breaking process leading to the monomer synthesis. Chemical depolymerisation involves the chemical processes involve catalytic or non-catalytic thermal cracking or catalytic methods for the waste plastic like PET, polycarbonates, polyamides, nylon and polyurethanes. Amongst all, polybisphenol A polycarbonates (PBPAC) accounts for a major proportion of waste plastic finding applications in the manufacturing of toys, hamlets, automotive components, etc. However, these polybisphenol A based materials are health hazards and endocrine disrupting materials. Solvolysis of these toxic materials with amines or alcohols has been performed to yield valuable chemicals. 9 10 However, mostly transition metals based homogeneous and recyclable catalysts have been investigated to perform these reactions. 
With this scenario, the synthetic chemists can play a major role in designing novel protocols for the novel catalytic methods for waste plastic management. To address the aforementioned issues herein we propose to use transition metal dichalocgnede based heterogeneous and recyclable catalysts for the phtoreforming of the waste plastic material and valorization of the waste plastics to valuable chemicals. They find multifarious applications in photovoltaics, hydrogen production, and carbon dioxide reduction to yield valuable chemicals, sensing, degradation of pollutants, and desalination of water. 11 12 Being cheap and readily available, they are used as excellent substitutes for the conventional rare and expensive noble metals based catalysts and dopants in a broad range of devices. Dicalcogenides are also used as co-catalysts with other semiconductor photocatalytic materials like TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, CdS, etc. or conducting polymers to enhance their photocatalytic performance by delaying their electron-hole pair recombination, while providing further catalytically active sites and avoiding the agglomeration. Therefore, these transition metal dichalcogenide based nanocompsites can be used as excellent catalytic as well as photocatalytic materials for photoreforming and depolymerisation of waste plastic for the production of clean energy production in the form of hydrogen, green chemical and polymer synthesis.

proEoutcome:
This project aims at fine-tuning the physico-chemical properties of TMDs, including firstly MoS2, in order to obtain highly active and stable photocatalysts for both the photoreforming of plastics, and the solvolysis of polycarbonate. Especially, the depolymerization of polycarbonate toward bisphenol A is of special interest within this project, as its further mixing with epoxy derivatives from waste cooking oil results in the formation of epoxy resins. Hence, through the same project and based on the same family of non-toxic catalysts, the production of clean energy (dihydrogen), and of high-quality coatings from waste materials (plastic and cooking oils) will be assessed.
This project is anchored in the circular economy and the development of smart cities while reducing significantly the amount of waste and pollutants, directly (use of waste materials as precursors), and indirectly (non-petrosourced production of epoxy resins and dihydrogen).

FAScheme:
Indo French Centre for the Promotion of Advanced Research (CEFIPRA)


proobj:
The proposed plan focuses on management of plastic waste and cooking oil waste for the production of green chemicals, polymers and clean energy. Different approaches for integrated waste plastic and cooking oil will be performed using semiconducting photocatalytic materials based on dimetalchalcogenides.

prometho:
Research methodology: The proposed research project is constituted of four interconnected work packages, designed in such a way to achieve the desired impact.
Preparation of TMD semiconductors. MoS2 will firstly be prepared via the hydrothermal route using ammonium heptamolybdate as the precursor and a sulphide source. As observed by SEM, the resulting material will present a 2D-morphology.
Then, different 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) MX2, where M is the transition metal atom (Mo, W, etc.) and X is the chalcogen atom (S, Se, or Te) will be prepared by the research fellows. Their doping with semiconductor photocatalytic materials, namely TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, or CdS, will be explored. If the solvo-/hydrothermal route proves to be sometimes ineffective, an alternative pathway based on reverse micelle microemulsion techniques will be used.
 During the second stay, the PhD fellow will prepare composites by doping conducting polymers such as polyaniline, polythiophene, or polyfuran, with the most promising TMDs. Combination of both should enhance the photochemical performance by delaying the electron-hole pair recombination. To reach the expected result, TMDs will be blended with aniline, thiophene, or furan, and polymerization will be triggered by in-situ oxidation. The electrical properties of such composites will be evaluated at PDEU.
The semiconducting TMD-based materials shall present good electron-hole pairs separation, which should lead to good photocatalytic performance. The production of H2, an attractive molecule for sustainable energy, from waste plastic will then be investigated. Starting from PE, the most abundant waste plastic, more complex mixtures of PE, PS, PET and PVC will also be investigated, and the conversion rates following several cycles will be evaluated. An available batch reactor with UV-visible irradiation will be used.
The post-doctoral fellow will mostly work on this application, catalyzed by the TMD-based materials. A catalytic bench will first be set up, to be able to perform both aminolysis and alcoholysis of the poly(bisphenol A carbonate). Aminolysis will lead to the formation of (cyclic)ureas, which can be used as anticancer and antiviral agents, while alcoholysis gives carbonated alcohols of industrial significance. Both also lead to the production of bisphenol A. Following TMD-catalyzed epoxidation of fatty acids representative of waste cooking oils, the blending of bisphenol A and the epoxidized fatty acids will lead to composite resins whose performance (flexibility, tensile strength, hardness, adhesiveness, heat and electrical resistance) will be assessed.

prosummary:
Since 1950 global demand for plastics have led to the production of more than 8 billion tons of waste plastic material. Due to the copious demand for the waste plastic has accumulated in the ecosystem leading to the global environmental crises and threatening the biosphere reserves. [1] [2] However, due to the versatility and cost-effectiveness there is ever increasing demand for these plastic materials. Several million tons of these waste plastic materials are disposed off into the oceans annually and threatening the oceanic flora and fauna. Smart technologies for the efficient utilization of the waste plastic to counter the plastic pollution are the need of the hour. This global scenario need eye opening investigation form the modern day scientific community, and some of the research groups have started active participation for the plastic waste valorization. Several strategies have been adopted for the waste plastic recycle like reuse, physical, mechanical, chemical and energy recovery processes have been investigated for the waste plastic recycle. The first three techniques involve comple recycling of the original material for analogues application by performing via physical and mechanical processes. [3] [4] [5] However, the resulting products from the process are of low quality and less economical. [6] However, the last two techniques, that is, chemical and energy recovery processes are currently hot topics for research because these processes yield valuable chemical, monomers, oligomers and polymers depending on the waste and process.[7] The chemical processes involve catalytic or non-catalytic thermal cracking or catalytic methods for the waste plastic valorization.[8]  The chemocatalytic processes involve metal catalysed solvolysis and hydrogenolysis of waste plastic materials.[9] The solvolysis of the waste plastic material in the presence of amines and alcohols lead to the formation of valuable ureas and carbonates of alcohols. Furthermore, the bisphenol A molecule can be further utilized for the synthesis of valuable epoxyresins. These epoxyrasins are important industrial coating materials. Furthermore, to enhance the stability of the these epoxyresins can be mixed with the epoxidised waste cooking oil for more economical synthesis of the epoxyresins. Apart from the production of valuable chemicals, recently waste plastics have also be used for the production of hydrogen as clean energy source by photo reforming process. [2] [1] Herein the proposed research plan we will explore the applications transition metal dichalogenide nanomaterials with other semiconducting materials and conducting polymers for the waste plastics for photoreforming reaction and the production of hydrogen and ecofriendly and benign energy source and production of valuable chemicals and epoxypolymers.


protitle:
Flood Risk Assessment using the Historical Data and Climatic Projections for Flood Risk and Mitigation Planning- Case of ML Models for Flood Resilience

prointro:
Flood is a recurring phenomenon of nature. It is neither avoided nor fully concurred. Therefore, its assessment is much needed to the decision-makers for reducing the properties loss and loss of lives. Traditionally, many hydraulic, hydrodynamic, and hydrologic models are utilized for flood event simulation and flood assessment, however, every model needs inherent massive data sets for simulations i.e. streamflow, river cross-sections, etc. In addition, hydrodynamic models required high computer configuration and simulation time for running the model and outputs, resulting delays in the decision-making system of natural hazards (floods, droughts, landslides and many more). Furthermore, predicting future flood risk assessment through the hydrodynamic model is required to prerequisite the hydrologic model for streamflow simulation. To overcome this limitation and assimilation of different flood parameters is required for an improved flood decision-making system. A novel approach will be suggested to flood risk assessment using an implementation of AI/ ML model for flood risk assessment for Surat city at Tapi basin. ML models like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), various Deep learning models will be utilized for flood risk assessment. To train the model for analysis, data sets will be prepared in two phases: 1) Flood inventory data /images which consists of historical observed flood depth, satellite images for inundation, field observations, etc. 2) Flood causative factors which consist of data /parameters like elevation, slope, plan curvature, profile curvature; drainage proximity (river distance), river density, flow accumulation, Stream Power Index (SPI), Sediment Transport Index (STI), Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), lithology, Land-use factor, rainfall, and soil moisture. The flood inventory data’s are randomly split into 70% training and 30% testing. In the initial stage ML algorithm, will be used for the development of flood susceptibility maps while in the later stage Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) which is part of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) will be used to generate flood hazard, exposure and vulnerability maps for flood assessment. The suitable ML models will be evaluated with various statistical measures like Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Coefficient of Determination (R2), and Confusion Matrix. The outputs of ML will be further coupled with the hydrodynamic model to better predict and ascertain flood risks over the Surat region. Afterward the work will be extended with future climatic projections for the year of 2023, 2074, and 2100 for flood forecasting and flood risk assessment. The comparative flood hazard, risk, and vulnerability of different zones of Surat city will be prepared for the decision-making system. In addition, hydrodynamic based “Emergency Action Plans” for the large dam will be substituted using ML techniques for assessment of future flood resilience and climate change mitigation.

proobj:
The main objective is to execute propose a project to utilize ML models and AHP for the preparation of flood susceptible and flood risk maps for flood decision-making system. In addition, future flood risk will be forecast using climatic projections. To achieve the main objective the sub-objectives are cited here with justifications

prometho:
The adopted methodology comprises of five phases: I) Collection and preparation of data II) ML model development. III) Validation of ML model and ascertain with the hydrodynamic model. IV) Flood risk assessment and flood risk mapping and V) Forecast flood risk map for Decision making and methodology framework for flood modeling.

prosummary:
Flood is a recurring phenomenon of nature. It is neither avoided nor fully concurred. Therefore, its assessment is much needed to the decision-makers for reducing the properties loss and loss of lives. Traditionally, many hydraulic, hydrodynamic, and hydrologic models are utilized for flood event simulation and flood assessment, however, every model needs inherent massive data sets for simulations i.e. streamflow, river cross-sections, etc. In addition, hydrodynamic models required high computer configuration and simulation time for running the model and outputs, resulting delays in the decision-making system of natural hazards (floods, droughts, landslides and many more). Furthermore, predicting future flood risk assessment through the hydrodynamic model is required to prerequisite the hydrologic model for streamflow simulation. To overcome this limitation and assimilation of different flood parameters is required for an improved flood decision-making system. A novel approach will be suggested to flood risk assessment using an implementation of AI/ ML model for flood risk assessment for Surat city at Tapi basin. ML models like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), various Deep learning models will be utilized for flood risk assessment. To train the model for analysis, data sets will be prepared in two phases: 1) Flood inventory data /images which consists of historical observed flood depth, satellite images for inundation, field observations, etc. 2) Flood causative factors which consist of data /parameters like elevation, slope, plan curvature, profile curvature; drainage proximity (river distance), river density, flow accumulation, Stream Power Index (SPI), Sediment Transport Index (STI), Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), lithology, Land-use factor, rainfall, and soil moisture. The flood inventory data’s are randomly split into 70% training and 30% testing. In the initial stage ML algorithm, will be used for the development of flood susceptibility maps while in the later stage Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) which is part of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) will be used to generate flood hazard, exposure and vulnerability maps for flood assessment. The suitable ML models will be evaluated with various statistical measures like Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Coefficient of Determination (R2), and Confusion Matrix. The outputs of ML will be further coupled with the hydrodynamic model to better predict and ascertain flood risks over the Surat region. Afterward the work will be extended with future climatic projections for the year of 2023, 2074, and 2100 for flood forecasting and flood risk assessment. The comparative flood hazard, risk, and vulnerability of different zones of Surat city will be prepared for the decision-making system. In addition, hydrodynamic based “Emergency Action Plans” for the large dam will be substituted using ML techniques for assessment of future flood resilience and climate change mitigation.

proEoutcome:
The proposed project is based on AI/ML model for flood risk assessment of pluvial and fluvial flood susceptible areas. The specific outcomes will be utilized for enabling the decision-making system across the nation for prevailing similar conditions. Also, the utility of ML techniques are not limited to flood assessment, however, it would later be beneficial for the better understanding and management of environmental disasters risk management like an earthquake, landslides, debris flows, snow avalanches etc


# TblPurReq

genspec:
Specification:
Type: Solid State
Temperature range: 0 to 80 °C
pH range: 4 to 9
Body: Epoxy
Detection range: 0.010 to 100 ppm (saturation level)
Length of cable: min. 1 m
Connector type: waterproof BNC
Certification: ASTM (if possible)
Accuracy/precision: min 1-2%


genspec:
Linear Weld Oscillation (Automation) Carriage 
•	Carriage complete with heavy-duty self-aligning wheel assemblies. Carriage should have a programmable control with closed loop tack feedback system for accurate speed control when running in any plane, regardless of load, maximum 100 lbs. (45 kgs.)
•	Speed range up to 83.1 cm/min. 
•	Machine should have The LED display in cm/min.
•	Independent oscillator head, with torch load capacity 10 lbs @ 6” (4.534kgs @ 152.4 mm) in either the horizontal or vertical plane. 1-1/8” (29 mm) rack box with 18” (457 mm) long rack arm to provide 12” (305 mm) horizontal oscillator adjustment. 1-1/8” (29 mm) rack box with 10.25” (260 mm) long rack arm to provide 6” (152 mm) vertical adjustment together with torch holder for standard MIG welding gun, and cable support assembly to prevent cable drag on the MIG gun.


Sr. No.	Specifications of others components
1.	Rigid Aluminum Track - Complete with rack and interlocking ends.	01 Nos of Length - 48” (1219 mm)
2.	Track Mounting Device – (Swivel Magnets)	06 Nos.
3.	Steel Brackets to keep track datum height of 79 mm	02 Nos.



Special requirement

1)	The oscillator should be capable to travel in all three axis (1G,2G and 3G).
2)	Should be compatible with Kempi pro – MIG 530 welding machine (semi-automatic). The machine is having computer control.


genspec:
Advance required. Hard copy request sent to ORSP.


# tblrschopp

fagency:
Global Innovation & Technology Alliance (GITA)

sch:
Funding support for Indo – Finnish Industrial Technology, R&D and Innovation Programme in Cleantech, Smart city development and Affordable health care


fagency:
Department of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of Science & Technology, of the Indian Republic and the Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation (MINCyT) of the Argentin

sch:
INDIA-ARGENTINA BILATERAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION


fagency:
Department for Science and Technology (DST), UK’s Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS)


fagency:
Department of Science and Technology (DST), German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)

sch:
Project - based Personnel Exchange Programme (PPP)


fagency:
Department of Science & Technology (DST), Ministry of Science & Higher Education of the Government of Poland (MNISW)


fagency:
Department of Science and Technology, DST and Academy of Finland

sch:
Joint Call for project proposals in the field of Energy Research


fagency:
Department of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India, New Delhi and the Office of Chief Scientists(OCS), Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of Israel, Jerusalem


fagency:
Department of Science and Technology (DST) , Ministry of Science & Technology, of the Indian Republic and the Slovenian Research Agency Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS) , Ministry of Education, Science and Sport of the Republic of Slovenia

sch:
INDIA - SLOVENIA BILATERAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION


fagency:
Department of Science & Technology (DST), Govt. of India and Ministry of Education and Science (RMES) of Russian Federation


sch:
Indo-US Public- Private Networked Joint Centres


sch:
Indo-US  Bilateral Workshops/ Symposia/ Conferences


sch:
Indo-US Knowledge R & D Networked Joint Centres


sch:
Development of devices, sub - systems and systems for application in Solar Energy production, storage, transportation and utilisation


fagency:
Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) (Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India)


sch:
National Science & Technology Management Information System (NSTMIS)


fagency:
National Council for Science & Technology Communication (Department of Science & Technology)

sch:
Innovation & STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics) Demonstration


sch:
Expression of interest (EOI) for convergent Technology Solutions in evaporating of RO rejects and disposable of solid wastes of Leather Industry


sch:
Molecular Electronics, Conducting Polymers and Non-invasive and other Bio-sensors


sch:
TECHNOLGOY SYSTEM PROGRAMME ON WATER PURIFICATION  AND  BIO-DEGRABLE/BIO-MEDICAL POLYMERS


sch:
TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM PROGRAMME ON WASTE MANAGEMENT


sch:
Indo-US Training Program and Advanced Schools


fagency:
Board of Research in Fusion Science & Technology


fagency:
Indian Department of Science & Technology (DST) and Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAE)


fagency:
Gujarat Council on Science and Technology (GUJCOST)


sch:
CALL FOR SILC II - SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRY LOW CARBON II H2020-SILC-II-2014


sch:
COFUND - CO-FUNDING OF REGIONAL, NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMMES H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2014


sch:
MOBILITY FOR GROWTH 2014-2015 H2020-MG-2015_SingleStage-A


sch:
HORIZON 2020 DEDICATED SME INSTRUMENT - PHASE 1 2014 H2020-SMEINST-1-2014


sch:
CALL FOR NANOTECHNOLOGIES, ADVANCED MATERIALS AND PRODUCTION H2020-NMP-2015-two-stage


sch:
Student Science and Technology (SCI-TECH) Project


sch:
CALL FOR PROPOSALS FOR ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANT ERC-2014-CoG


sch:
PE – Physical Sciences & Engineering ERC-2014-AdG


sch:
SH – Social Sciences & Humanities (ERC-2014-AdG)


sch:
PE – Physical Sciences & Engineering (ERC-2014-StG)


sch:
Indo European Cooperation on clean technologies and energy efficiency for eco-cities


sch:
SH – Social Sciences & Humanities (ERC-2014-StG)


sch:
PE – Physical Sciences & Engineering (ERC-2014-CoG)


sch:
SH – Social Sciences & Humanities (ERC-2014-CoG)


fagency:
Department of Science and Technology (DST), and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) of the Republic of Korea


sch:
Start-Up Research Grant (Young Scientists)


fagency:
University Grants Commission (UGC) of the Government of India and DAAD, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)

sch:
Project - based Personnel Exchange Programme with India - Indo-German Joint Research Collaboration


fagency:
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING RESEARCH BOARD(SERB)


fagency:
Department of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of Science &  Technology. Government of India, New Delhi and Japan Society for the Promotion of  Science (JSPS)

sch:
INDIA-JAPAN COOPERATIVE SCIENCE PROGRAMME (IJCSP)


fagency:
Indo-German Science &  Technology Centre (IGSTC)

sch:
Max Planck Partner Group (PG) at Indian Partner Institution (IPI)


fagency:
Jindal Aluminium Ltd. and Sitaram Jindal Foundation

sch:
Sitaram Jindal Research Fellowship Scheme


fagency:
Science for Equity, Empowerment and Development (SEED) Division

sch:
Scheme for Young Scientists & Technologist (SYST)


fagency:
Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)


fagency:
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research


fagency:
French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Development  (MAEDI)


fagency:
Department of Science & Technology (DST) and Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy (BMWFW)

sch:
INDIA – AUSTRIA  SCIENTIFIC-TECHNOLOGICAL  CO-OPERATION  (2015 – 2016)


fagency:
Department of Science and Technology,Government of India and Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP), Republic of Korea

sch:
India-Republic of Korea Joint Applied R&D Programme


fagency:
Department of Science & Technology (DST)

sch:
INDIA-JAPAN COOPERATIVE SCIENCE PROGRAMME (IJCSP)DST provides the following support under the Programme: For Indian Researchers – Cost of International airfare to and from the designated research location, visa fee, air port taxes, overseas medical insurance premium for the approved visit duration and airport transfers in India. For joint workshops/ seminars to be organized in India, local travel cost of selected Indian participants and organizing expenses may also be considered for support as per DST norms. For Japanese Researchers – Costs of accommodation in a guest house, per diem and domestic travel expenses in India including airport transfers as per DST norms.


sch:
Cognitive Science Research Initiative (CSRI)


fagency:
British Council India and the Department of Science and Technology (DST)


fagency:
Global Innovation & Technology Alliance (GITA), on Behalf of DST

sch:
India-Finland Industrial Technology, R&D and Innovation Programme 2015 between Department of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India and Tekes, Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation.


sch:
India-Republic of Korea Joint Applied R&D Programme 2015


fagency:
U.S.-India Science & Technology Endowment Board

sch:
United States–India Science & Technology Endowment Fund (USISTEF)


sch:
IGSTC Call for Joint Research and Development Proposals 2015


fagency:
Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB)

sch:
National Post Doctoral Fellowship (N-PDF)


sch:
Financial Assistance to Professional Bodies and Seminar/Symposia


sch:
Intensification of Research in High Priority Areas (IRHPA)


fagency:
All India Council for Technical Education


sch:
Call for Oriented Research & Technology Development Proposals on “Materials for Energy Storage” (MES) - 2017


sch:
Call for Proposals under Water Technology Initiative (WTI-2016) for Demand Driven Convergent Water Solutions in Mission mode.


sch:
India-UK Water Quality Research Programme


sch:
Call for Proposals under Water Technology Initiative (WTI-2017) for WATER Technology Research and Innovation Centres (WATER-IC)


sch:
India-Canada Collaborative Industrial Research & Development Program 2017


sch:
Indo-Norway call on Renewable Energy 2017


sch:
Financial Assistance for Partial Funding to participate in international seminar


sch:
Advertisement - SwarnaJayanti Fellowships 2016-17


sch:
Call for proposals to work on core samples


sch:
The Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India in partnership with Foldscope Instruments Inc. and PrakashLab (Stanford), invite applications under this Request for Proposals from teachers, scientists and community members across India for the use of foldscope as an educational, training or research tool


fagency:
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research


fagency:
Defence Research & Development Organisation

sch:
APPLICATION FOR GRANT OF RESEARCH PROJECT/SCHEME/FACILITY UNDER GRANTS-IN-AID SCHEME OF ARMAMENT RESEARCH BOARD


fagency:
BOARD OF RESEARCH IN NUCLEAR SCIENCES (BRNS)


sch:
DAE-Scientific Research Council (DAE-SRC) Award


sch:
Call for proposals for Clean Coal Research & Development (CCORD) - 2017


sch:
APPLICATION FOR SEMINARS, SYMPOSIA, WORKSHOP, CONFERENCE


sch:
Scheme for GIA Support for Conferences / Seminars / Workshops / Symposium


fagency:
(Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, Govt. of India)

sch:
Petroleum Conservation Research Association (Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, Govt. of India)


sch:
Empowerment and Equity Opportunities for Excellence in Science


sch:
MATHEMATICAL RESEARCH IMPACT-CENTRIC SUPPORT (MATRICS) SCHEME


sch:
Assistance to Professional Bodies & Seminars / Symposia


sch:
Visiting Advanced Joint Research Faculty Scheme (VAJRA)


sch:
Prime Minister’s Fellowship Scheme for Doctoral Research


sch:
Call for proposals under India-Republic of Korea Joint Programme of Cooperation


sch:
Scheme for Young Scientists and Technologists


sch:
Invites R&D Project Proposals on Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) for Urban Governance Applications


sch:
Advertisement for the SwarnaJayanti Fellowships Scheme 2017-18


sch:
India-Israel Industrial R&D and Technological Innovation Fund (I4F) 2018 - 1st Call For Proposal (CFP)


# tblteldirectory

cabinno:
Geotechnical Engineering Laboratory, B/H Workshop


# event

ename:
Industrial Simulator Training Workshop on Chemical and Petroleum Industries

coordinator:
Dr. Manish Kumar Sinha and Dr. Surendra Sasikumar


coordinator:
Dr. Manish Kumar Sinha,
Ms. Bharti Saini
Dr. Surendra Sasikumar


coordinator:
Dr. Manish Kumar Sinha,
Ms. Bharti Saini,
Mr. Anirban Dey,
Dr. Surendra
Dr. Lubhani


ename:
expert lecture on the topic “Role of Catalysts in Petroleum Refining and Natural Gas Conversion”


details:
“Lean Six Sigma Green belt workshop” jointly by Department of Industrial Engineering and Concept business excellence private limited


ename:
SOFTWARE BASED OPTIMIZATION LEARNING OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES

details:
The workshop was jointly organized by Department Of Chemical Engineering and Department Of Industrial Engineering, SchoolofTechnology. PanditDeendayalPetroleumUniversity, Gandhinagar.

coordinator:
Mr. Vishal Wankhede
Ms. Shweta Balchandani
Mr. Anirban Dey


ename:
Advances in Emerging Power Systems Operations, Control and Protection

coordinator:
Dr. Jitendra G Jamnani, Head, EED, SoT
Dr. Vivek J Pandya, Professor, EED, SoT
Dr. Praghnesh Bhatt (M): 75675 13461
Dr. Bhinal Mehta (M): 89807 31451
Dr. Siddharth Joshi (M): 88662 16864


ename:
GGSY Solar lamp - global gandhi solar yatra

details:
I am trainer and speaker during these workshop.


ename:
Ist Intenational Conference on Mathematical Modeling, Computational Intelligence Techniques and Renewable Energy


ename:
A Two Day Workshop On “Recent Developments in Micro – Nano Manufacturing Techniques”

venue:
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University,
Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India

coordinator:
Dr. Vipindas K
Assistant Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University


ename:
NPC(AIP) Chennai - EED, PDPU Gandhinagar jt. e training programme on Green Technologies for Sustainable Energy Systems

coordinator:
Dr V S K V Harish (EED, SoT, PDPU)
Smt. P. Chitra (NPC, AIP, Chennai)


ename:
2 Day Webinar on "Applications of Fractional Calculus in Real-World Problems"


venue:
Organized by Business Analytics Teaching Lab @ SPM

details:
Knowledge enhancement Activities for students under Business Analytics Teaching Lab @ SPM

coordinator:
Dr. Tanushri Banerjee (FAculty Advisor BATL) and Prof. Pramod Paliwal (Faculty Mentor BATL)


details:
Knowledge enhancement activities of students

coordinator:
Dr. Tanushri Banerjee (Faculty Advisor BATL) and Prof. Pramod Paliwal (Faculty Mentor BATL)


ename:
Recent advances in nanotechnology and nanoscience

coordinator:
Dr. Dadi suriapparao and Dr. Swapnil dharaskar


coordinator:
Bharti Saini
Anirban Dey
Dr. Manish Kumar SInha
Dr. SUrendra Sasi
Dr. Lubhani Mishra


details:
A two days workshop on "Thermal Systems Design and Applications" was conducted on 15 and 16th March, 2019. The workshop focused on fuel cell technology and HVAC design-analysis

coordinator:
Dr. Rajesh S. Paatel
Dr. Vivek K. Patel
Dr. Jatin R. Patel


details:
The topic for the guest lecture is – Seven Quality Control Tools.

Resource person : 
Dr. Darshak Desai
Professor & Head
Mechanical Engineering Department
G H Patel College of Engineering & Technology (GCET)
Bakrol Road, Vallabh Vidyanagar - 388120
Dist.: Anand, Gujarat, India

remarks:
This lecture was very informative and was a great value add for our students.


venue:
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University,
Raisan, Gandhinagar - 382 007, Gujarat, INDIA

details:
Industry 4.0 is 4th technological revolution. Many industries are equipped with it and other industries are
preparing for it. Engineers who are to work in industry ready with 4.0 should also be aware of it. IoT is
one of the main parts of Industry 4.0. Two days weekend workshop is expected to provide not only
knowledge about IoT but also induce the skill of how to make IoT work in industrial applications. It will
enhance the employability of the students. 
Workshop Highlights
• What “the Internet of Things” means and how it relates to Cloud computing concepts
• How open platforms allow you to store your sensor data in the Cloud
• The basic usage of the Arduino environment for creating your own embedded projects at low cost
• How to connect your Arduino with your Android phone.
• How to send data to the Internet and talk to the Cloud.
• How to update sensor readings on Twitter (Social Networking Sites).
• How to control any device from anywhere across the world.


details:
For first year B.Tech Students of , Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University. The capsule course was organized by Dr.M.B.Kiran. The course covered the following topics:
Project Initiation
Project Planning
Project Execution
Project monitoring and control
Project closure


ename:
Conducted GATE Classes for students of Industrial  Engineering Department

venue:
Industrial  Engineering Department,
School of Technology (SoT),
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University

details:
To provide hands-on training for final year B.Tech. students preparing for GATE exam.

remarks:
Conducted Successfully. Well appreciated by students.


ename:
Industry Connect Program of Industrial  Engineering Department

details:
1.	Industry participants : 
•	Mr.Tarun Gajjar, Concept Business Excellence Ltd, Vadodara,Gujarat
•	Mr. Vishal Shah, Mitutoyo, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
•	Mr. Prashant Gandhi, CEO, Siddhi Industries, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
•	Mr.Shekar Singh,  Infibeam, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
•	Mr.Prkhar Gupta, Infibeam, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
•	Mr. Vikram Modi, Amneal Pharma, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Industry Colloboration – Way forward.

Participants of Industry connect program stresed the need for effective design & implementation of the following items:
•	Faculty –Industry exposure program
•	Industrial Visits 
•	Guest Lectures
•	Internships
•	Live project execution by students with industry- Comprehensive Projects
•	Conducting Seminars/Workshops on thrust area
•	Skill Development


details:
Plotting of Foundation plan requires special skill. For Civil Engineers this skill is not covered in carriculum, so for Entrepreneurship it is necessary for young engineer buddy.


details:
Application of Finite Element Analysis in Pump Industry” at PDPU for 1hrs 30minutes on 29th March 2019; 11-12.30 Pm to 2nd Semester Mechanical (M.Tech-Design) students. The lecturer will delivered by Dr. Pradeep Kumar, Sr. Engineer FEA, Xylem Water Solutions India Pvt. Ltd.


ename:
National Symposium on Current Challenges for Safe and Sustainable Structural Development

details:
This symposium is being organized with the objective of helping faculty members, researchers, professionals and students to acquire modern knowledge of structural engineering for safe and sustainable development. It is designed to give through understating current practices and challenges for sustainable construction technologies, rehabilitation of reinforced concrete and masonry structures, Identification of crack using deep learning, understanding structural health of India. seismic hazards assessment of India. safety practices and sustainable development in Indian perspective.

This symposium includes the visit to Institute of Seismological Research (ISR-Gandhinagar) to perceive the real time seismicity monitoring system and demo for advance soil investigation techniques. On last day of symposium visit to “statue of unity” is plan to witness the current civil engineering marvel of India.

coordinator:
Dr Niragi Dave	Mr Apurva Dave
Dr Dhruvesh Patel	Mr Naimish Bhatt


ename:
Invitation to Collaborate on Internationalisation Programme (Student Mobility)

details:
This is fourteen days self-sponsored international training program on global learning
experience in civil engineering perspective from 10th Jan 2019 to 23rd Jan 2019. This is student
mobility program for the Civil Engineering students at Linton University College, Malaysia.
The Linton University College (formerly Linton College) was established in 1985 in Ipoh,
Perak. It specialises in engineering, construction management, information technology and
business. In 2005, Linton College was acquired by KTGKTG Education Group and was
relocated to the current integrated campus in Mantin, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Linton
College has a long-term association with the University of East London and Coventry
University London to provides it a platform to offer internationally recognised franchised
programs. In March 2010, Linton College attained university college status and was renamed
Linton University College (LUC).


# consCVadr

cvfa:
Narmada, Water resources, water supply, and kalpsar departement, Goverment of Gujarat

cvadr:
Damanganaga Project1, Madhuban colony, Valsad, Gujarat


